I think you may be getting confused by different programming languages' naming strategies.
There's a class of data types known as "floating point numbers". Two floating-point number types defined by IEEE-754 are "binary32" and "binary64". In C and C++, those two types are exposed as the types float and double, respectively. In Python, only "binary64" is natively supported as a built-in type; it's known as float.
Python's struct module supports both binary32 and binary64, and uses C/C++'s nomenclature to refer to them. f specifies binary32 and d specifies binary64. Regardless of which you're using, the module packs from and unpacks to Python's native float type (which, remember, is binary64). In the case of d that's exact; in the case of f it converts the type under the hood. You don't need to fool Python into doing the conversion.
Now, I'm just going to assume you're wrong about "stored as hex of double". What I think you probably mean is "stored as double" -- namely, 64 bits in a file -- as opposed to stored as "hex of double", namely sixteen human-readable ASCII characters. That latter one just doesn't happen.
All of which is to say, if you want to store things as binary64, it's just a matter of struct.pack('d', value).
How to use the float() command to create 2 decimal places instead of one in a product of 2 numbers [the product is dollar amount]
How do I convert a string to a double in Python? - Stack Overflow
types - Double precision floating values in Python? - Stack Overflow
math - Safest way to convert float to integer in python? - Stack Overflow
Example:
hourlyRate = 20 hoursLabor = 1.6
I want the answer to show “32.00” instead of “32” or “32.0”.
What I have so far produces the number 32.0:
totalPay = float(hourlyRate * hoursLabor)
print(totalPay)
I’m obviously very new at this. Just getting some beginner’s practice :)
>>> x = "2342.34"
>>> float(x)
2342.3400000000001
There you go. Use float (which behaves like and has the same precision as a C,C++, or Java double).
The decimal operator might be more in line with what you are looking for:
>>> from decimal import Decimal
>>> x = "234243.434"
>>> print Decimal(x)
234243.434
Python's built-in float type has double precision (it's a C double in CPython, a Java double in Jython). If you need more precision, get NumPy and use its numpy.float128.
Decimal datatype
- Unlike hardware based binary floating point, the decimal module has a user alterable precision (defaulting to 28 places) which can be as large as needed for a given problem.
If you are pressed by performance issuses, have a look at GMPY
All integers that can be represented by floating point numbers have an exact representation. So you can safely use int on the result. Inexact representations occur only if you are trying to represent a rational number with a denominator that is not a power of two.
That this works is not trivial at all! It's a property of the IEEE floating point representation that int∘floor = ⌊⋅⌋ if the magnitude of the numbers in question is small enough, but different representations are possible where int(floor(2.3)) might be 1.
To quote from Wikipedia,
Any integer with absolute value less than or equal to 224 can be exactly represented in the single precision format, and any integer with absolute value less than or equal to 253 can be exactly represented in the double precision format.
Use int(your non integer number) will nail it.
print int(2.3) # "2"
print int(math.sqrt(5)) # "2"