The safe navigation operator (aka. Elvis operator) is a proposal in draft status with TC39, so no. Not yet anyway (as of this writing).

But this ugly syntax will get you there without a library. Instead of ...

foo?.bar

... use this ...

(foo||{}).bar||{}

It's hard to read but it works and it isn't dependent on a library.

UPDATE: The proposal has reached stage 4, so it will be part of ES2020.

! is non-null assertion operator (post-fix expression) - it just saying to type checker that you're sure that a is not null or undefined.

the operation a! produces a value of the type of a with null and undefined excluded

Optional chaining finally made it to typescript (3.7)

The optional chaining operator ?. permits reading the value of a property located deep within a chain of connected objects without having to expressly validate that each reference in the chain is valid. The ?. operator functions similarly to the . chaining operator, except that instead of causing an error if a reference is nullish (null or undefined), the expression short-circuits with a return value of undefined. When used with function calls, it returns undefined if the given function does not exist.

Syntax:

obj?.prop // Accessing object's property
obj?.[expr] // Optional chaining with expressions
arr?.[index] // Array item access with optional chaining
func?.(args) // Optional chaining with function calls

Pay attention:

Optional chaining is not valid on the left-hand side of an assignment

const object = {};
object?.property = 1; // Uncaught SyntaxError: Invalid left-hand side in assignment

For React Navigation v5, there is no SafeAreaView exported. The recommended way is to use react-native-safe-area-context.

Read more: React Navigation v5.x - Supporting safe areas.

Example

import { SafeAreaProvider, SafeAreaView } from 'react-native-safe-area-context';

function Demo() {
  return (
    <SafeAreaView
      style={{ flex: 1, justifyContent: 'space-between', alignItems: 'center' }}
    >
      <Text>This is top text.</Text>
      <Text>This is bottom text.</Text>
    </SafeAreaView>
  );
}

export default function App() {
  return (
    <SafeAreaProvider>
      <NavigationContainer>{/*(...) */}</NavigationContainer>
    </SafeAreaProvider>
  );
}

Is there something like a Safe Navigation Operator that can be used on Arrays?

Yes, what you are looking for is known as the Optional Chaining operator (JavaScript / TypeScript).

The syntax shown in the MDN JavaScript documentation is:

obj.val?.prop
obj.val?.[expr]
obj.arr?.[index]
obj.func?.(args)

So, to achieve what you want, you need to change your example from:

<h6>{{simpleData?[0]}}</h6>

To:

<h6>{{simpleData?.[0]}}</h6>
                 ^

Also see How to use optional chaining with array in Typescript?.