Copper

Final Answer: The chemical formula for copper(II) sulfate is CuSO₄, which consists of copper, sulfur, and oxygen. Its commonly known hydrated form is CuSO₄·5H₂O, also called copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate, which appears as blue crystals. This compound has various applications in chemistry and agriculture. ; Explanation: The chemical formula for copper(II) sulfate is CuSO₄. This compound consists of one copper (Cu) atom, one sulfur (S) atom, and four oxygen (O) atoms. The parentheses in the name indicate that copper is in the +2 oxidation state, which means it has lost two electrons. In addition to its anhydrous form (CuSO₄), copper(II) sulfate can also exist as a hydrate. The most common hydrate is copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate, which has five water molecules associated with each formula unit. Its full formula is written as CuSO₄·5H₂O, where the dot represents the association with water. This pentahydrate form appears as blue crystals and is often used in laboratories as a laboratory reagent and in educational demonstrations. Copper(II) sulfate is widely found in nature and has been used historically for various applications, including agriculture and chemistry. Its uses extend to demonstrating crystallization processes in classrooms as well as in agriculture as a fungicide. ; Examples & Evidence: For example, CuSO₄·5H₂O can be dissolved in water to perform experiments involving chemical reactions, demonstrating properties of electrolytes, and studying crystallization processes. In agriculture, it is used to treat plants and soil. Copper(II) sulfate is well-documented in chemistry textbooks and academic resources, detailing its chemical structure, properties, and uses.