refers to a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, according to the World Health Organization's definition. This concept has evolved over time, shifting from a biomedical focus on normal bodily function to a broader understanding of health as a dynamic resource for everyday life, emphasizing personal and social resources as well as physical capacities. Health promotion involves encouraging healthy activities such as regular physical exercise and adequate sleep, while reducing or avoiding harmful behaviors like smoking or excessive stress.
The determinants of health include individual factors such as lifestyle, economic status, social conditions, and genetics, as well as broader structural influences like access to healthcare, education, employment, and environmental conditions. Public health initiatives aim to improve population health through prevention, education, and policy, with efforts ranging from vaccination programs and healthy eating campaigns to addressing social determinants like housing and food security. In Canada, organizations such as Health Canada, Public Health Ontario, and regional health authorities work to ensure access to quality health services, regulate health products, and promote healthy living.
In Alberta, Alberta Health Services provides a range of healthcare services, including emergency and urgent care, and offers 24/7 health advice through the toll-free number 811. Similarly, other provincial and municipal health agencies, such as Toronto Public Health and HealthLink BC, offer resources for disease prevention, immunization, mental health support, and access to medical advice. These services are supported by evidence-based policies and community partnerships to improve health outcomes and ensure equitable access to care.