The best way to install Python through Windows Command Prompt will be through Chocolatey (Windows Package Manageer).

Steps to install python 3 will be as follows :-

1. Open CMD using 'Run as Administrator'.

2. Download and Install Chocolatey using the following command.

@"%SystemRoot%\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe" -NoProfile -InputFormat None -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Command "iex ((New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString('https://chocolatey.org/install.ps1'))" && SET "PATH=%PATH%;%ALLUSERSPROFILE%\chocolatey\bin"

3. Download and install python using the following command.

choco install -y python3

4. You can check the version to verify if Python was successfully installed as follows.

python --version

• When PowerShell calls external programs (such as python-3.11.4-amd64.exe), it reports their process exit code via the automatic $LASTEXITCODE variable. By convention, external programs signal success with value 0, and failure with any nonzero exit code.

• However, PowerShell is only able to report the exit code if the external program executes synchronously (i.e., it blocks the caller until the program terminates), whereas PowerShell executes GUI(-subsystem) applications asynchronously by default (i.e., it launches the external program and immediately returns control to the caller).

Installers such as python-3.11.4-amd64.exe are typically GUI applications, so extra effort is needed to make the call synchronous, so that your script (a) awaits completion of the installation and (b) can check for success vs. failure via $LASTEXITCODE.

There are several ways to make invocation of a GUI application synchronous.
In the case at hand - for a GUI application that also reports a meaningful exit code - the simplest solution is to pipe to Write-Output.

"About to install Python. "
# Note the `| Write-Output` at the end, which makes the invocation 
# synchronous and populates the $LASTEXITCODE variable.
c:/temp/python-3.11.4-amd64.exe /quiet InstallAllUsers=0 InstallLauncherAllUsers=0 PrependPath=1 Include_test=0 | Write-Output

# Check if the installation failed and exit, if so.
if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
  Write-Error "Installation failed unexpectedly; exit code is $LASTEXITCODE."
  exit $LASTEXITCODE
}

See this answer for an explanation of the technique, as well as alternatives.