Note: After seeing lots of comments about setting environment variables without administrator rights in Windows 10, I think I have found a way. I was not administrator and could use PowerShell.
PowerShell method
You can list all environment variables with: Get-ChildItem Env:.
To get the value of a specific variable: $Env:PATH, where PATH is the name of the variable.
To set a variable: [Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("PATH", "C:\TestPath", "User"), the first parameter is the name of the variable, the second is the value, the third is the level of.
There are different ways to work with environment variables and certain quirks with them in PowerShell so consult the link for details.
Old method (no longer available in newer Windows 10 updates, use PowerShell or see other answers)
Go into Settings and click on System.
Then on the left side click About and select System info at the bottom.
In the new Control Panel window that opens, click Advanced system settings on the left.
Now in the new window that comes up, select Environment Variables... at the bottom.
Are these Environment Variables ok? Is there a "default"?
Topic: Environment Variables – PATH Shorthands @ AskWoody
How do I edit environment variables in windows 10
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Window Key + X
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System
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Advanced system settings
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Environment Variables...
How to restore variables to their initial state (when PowerShell loaded up)?
Videos
Note: After seeing lots of comments about setting environment variables without administrator rights in Windows 10, I think I have found a way. I was not administrator and could use PowerShell.
PowerShell method
You can list all environment variables with: Get-ChildItem Env:.
To get the value of a specific variable: $Env:PATH, where PATH is the name of the variable.
To set a variable: [Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("PATH", "C:\TestPath", "User"), the first parameter is the name of the variable, the second is the value, the third is the level of.
There are different ways to work with environment variables and certain quirks with them in PowerShell so consult the link for details.
Old method (no longer available in newer Windows 10 updates, use PowerShell or see other answers)
Go into Settings and click on System.
Then on the left side click About and select System info at the bottom.
In the new Control Panel window that opens, click Advanced system settings on the left.
Now in the new window that comes up, select Environment Variables... at the bottom.
Still the same as ever: It’s in the old-style control panel’s “System” thingy. You can reach it with WinBreak or by right-clicking the Start button.
From there, select “Advanced system settings” → “Environment Variables”.
Or you can do it the hard way and find some other entry point to the old-style control panel, like the Network and Sharing Center or the Desktop folder(!).
I was looking at the Default Environment Variables (from Advanced System settings) and came across them here. I was wondering if these were correct/looked right to anyone. I was mainly thrown off by the ones in the Path line under the System variables section, as there are more than one and they're mostly System32 related until the last one where it throws the HP One Agent filepath in there.
Screenshot: https://i.imgur.com/ZgHtaw5.png