Arab ethnoreligious group of the Levant
Factsheet
Total population 800,000–2,000,000
Founder Hamza ibn Ali ibn Ahmad
Regions with significant populations
Total population 800,000–2,000,000
Founder Hamza ibn Ali ibn Ahmad
Regions with significant populations
Wikipedia
en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Druze
Druze - Wikipedia
3 weeks ago - The Druze, who call themselves al-Muwaḥḥidūn (lit. 'the monotheists' or 'the unitarians'), are an Arab esoteric religious group from West Asia who adhere to the Druze faith, an Abrahamic, monotheistic, and syncretic religion whose main tenets assert the unity of God, reincarnation, and ...
How are Druze in Israel unique?
The Druze in Israel are unique among the Arab communities in Israel because of their loyalty to the state and participation in the Israel Defense Forces (IDF). Arab Muslim and Christian communities in Israel often identify with the Palestinian national movement and are exempted from participation in the IDF.
britannica.com
britannica.com › philosophy & religion › religious movements & organizations
Druze | History, Religion, People, Syria, Israel, Lebanon, Community, ...
Where do most Druze live?
Most Druze live in a largely contiguous section of Lebanon, Syria, and Israel, with smaller communities present in other countries. The Druze have been politically influential in both Lebanon and Syria, while in Israeli society the community has played a unique role as Arabs who are generally very loyal to the state.
britannica.com
britannica.com › philosophy & religion › religious movements & organizations
Druze | History, Religion, People, Syria, Israel, Lebanon, Community, ...
What is the origin of the Druze faith?
The Druze faith originated in 11th-century Egypt as an offshoot of Ismaʿīlī Shiʿism during the reign of the sixth Fatimid caliph, al-Ḥākim bi-Amr Allāh. The movement was persecuted under al-Ḥākim’s successor and in Egypt it eventually died out, but the community survived in mountainous areas of Syria and Lebanon.
britannica.com
britannica.com › philosophy & religion › religious movements & organizations
Druze | History, Religion, People, Syria, Israel, Lebanon, Community, ...
Videos
12:37
Why Does Israel Protect the Druze? - YouTube
08:48
Arabs With a Secret Religion? The Origins of the Druze in Syria ...
01:02:37
Who are the Druze? - YouTube
02:52
Who are the Druze and why is Israel attacking Syria for them? | ...
25:35
The Deal With Israel That Changed the Druze Forever | Explained ...
What is the history behind Israel and the Druze?
Welcome to r/AskHistorians . Please Read Our Rules before you comment in this community. Understand that rule breaking comments get removed . Please consider Clicking Here for RemindMeBot as it takes time for an answer to be written. Additionally, for weekly content summaries, Click Here to Subscribe to our Weekly Roundup . We thank you for your interest in this question, and your patience in waiting for an in-depth and comprehensive answer to show up. In addition to the Weekly Roundup and RemindMeBot, consider using our Browser Extension . In the meantime our Bluesky , and Sunday Digest feature excellent content that has already been written! I am a bot, and this action was performed automatically. Please contact the moderators of this subreddit if you have any questions or concerns. More on reddit.com
Druze & LGBTQ+ 💚🤍💙💛❤️🏳️🌈 : druze
We need to help our Druze brothers and sisters in Sweida URGENTLY!!!!!!! ... Post a comment! ... Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our User Agreement and Privacy Policy. © 2025 reddit inc. More on old.reddit.com
So what exactly happened/ is happening in Syria with the Druze?
Quick Summary: An anonymous, offensive audio recording insulting the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ surfaced on the night of April 26. Within 72 hours, sectarian attacks erupted across cities from Aleppo to Sweida: mortar shelling targeted Jaramana and Sahnaya, and the outskirts of Thaala village in Sweida were stormed. Security forces intervened far too late in an attempt to de-escalate and control the attack sites, while calls for violence have continued and the assaults remain ongoing. ⸻ What happened? A chronological timeline verified by multiple sources: • Night of April 26–27: An anonymous voice recording insulting the Prophet ﷺ spreads widely. • Early morning, April 27: Students at Homs University stage protests with sectarian rhetoric and threats to kill Druze classmates. Some Druze students are attacked, one is hospitalized. • April 27: Protests in Homs, Hama, and Damascus escalate into open chants calling for “slaughtering the Druze” and “invading Sweida.” • Night of April 28–29: Militias fire six mortar shells into Jaramana and storm its outskirts. Casualties: At least 6 civilian martyrs, 12+ injured, and over 13 attackers killed. The General Security Directorate intervenes, imposing a cordon around Jaramana, referring to the attackers as extremists and unidentified armed groups according to official state media. • Early morning, April 29: Druze neighborhoods in Sahnaya are attacked; security intervenes to restore order. Groups from Daraa join the attack on Druze in Sahnaya. One Druze martyr is reported. • Evening, April 29: Thaala village in Sweida is attacked with mortars and medium-caliber weapons; a shell also hits the nearby village of Al-Dour. • Evening, April 30: Villages in Sweida come under attack with mortars and medium weapons: Al-Surah al-Kubra, Rassas, ‘Ara, and Kanaker. ⸻ Where is the state? • Slow response: Violence has now spread to three provinces. • No preventive protection: Despite public incitement, no reinforcements or security presence was deployed to protect Druze-populated areas. ⸻ A coordinated incitement campaign: • Sectarian content floods social media, portraying attackers as “martyrs” and inciting violence against Druze. • Incitement spreads across 9 provinces in less than 24 hours. • The offensive recording is falsely attributed to a Druze sheikh, despite his denial, to justify the attacks. • The state fails to deter sectarian militias currently operating on Syrian soil. • Social media has become a tool for justifying bloodshed, turning victims into criminals. https://www.skynewsarabia.com/varieties/1792656-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%AE%D9%84-%D8%AE%D8%B7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B3%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%94-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%84?utm_source=chatgpt.com https://english.enabbaladi.net/archives/2025/04/audio-recording-sparks-clashes-in-jaramana/?amp=&so=recent&utm_source=chatgpt.com https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/iran-update-april-29-2025?utm_source=chatgpt.com https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/more-than-dozen-killed-sectarian-clashes-near-syrian-capital-2025-04-29/?utm_source=chatgpt.com https://thecradle.co/articles/deadly-clashes-erupt-between-druze-fighters-syrian-security-forces?utm_source=chatgpt.com https://www.annahar.com/arab-world/arabian-levant/212293/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%8A-%D9%85%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7-%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%87%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86-%D9%8A%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A7?utm_source=chatgpt.com More on reddit.com
R/arabs, lets have a conversation about Israeli Druze.
I've actually been thinking about this issue a lot lately. I think a little bit of a historical context would also help. It is important to know what role the Druze played in the creation of the state of Israel, as well as their allegiances during those tumultuous times. Do they identify with Palestinian culture? Do they subscribe to a Palestinian national identity? Were they just a minority that happened to believe living within a Jewish state didn't infringe on their culture and thus they preferred that to an Arab State? And if so, then why and how did this come about? The Druze of Palestine, and their narrative, are hardly studied or analyzed. But there are some works that I think answer these questions very clearly and thus give us a better picture of their intentions and respective reasoning behind their decision to integrate with all facets of Israeli society, including IDF. A very respected source on this subject is: THE DRUZE BETWEEN PALESTINE AND ISRAEL. By LAILA PARSONS. London, Macmillan Press, 2000. Here is an excerpt of a review on the book published in the British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies, 31(1), pp. 97-115. "The Druze in the beginning of the British Mandate in Palestine numbered only seven thousand, i.e. one per cent of the population, at its conclusion in 1948 they numbered almost twenty thousand. One of the main factors that influenced Palestine Druze's future relations was the 1936-1939 revolt, where the Jews recruited two influential Druze (Hasan Abu Rukn and Al-Aysami) to influence Druzes outside Palestine to back Arabs in the revolt. There was also a talk, which never materialised of transferring Palestinian Druze to Jabal Druze in Syria in order to reduce numbers of non-Jews in the areas allocated to Jews in the partition plan of the Peel Commission of 1937. In the early stages of the civil war (1947-1949) the leaders of the Druze community did not express a clear and well-defined pro-Jewish position. Their general reaction to the increasingly violent events was to withdraw and observe. However, those individual Druze who had established links with the Jews during the Mandate were eager to sustain the friendship in the dangerous days of late 1947 and early 1948. Two Druze names (Labib Abu Ruka of Isfiya and Salih Khanayfis of Shafa'amr) came out prominently in advocating Jewish-Druze relationship and cooperation. Family members of both men had been killed by the rebel gangs during the 1936-1939 revolt, and both were unequivocally anti-Muslim and pro-Jewish. The Jews successes in the 1948 war and the emergence of Israel allowed links between the new State of Israel and the Druze to become firmer. This particularly became evident in the battle of Shafacamr where the Druze tricked their Arab fellow combatants. The fall of Shafa'amr made the task of capturing Nazareth much easier. In later secret meetings involving the Druze leader Shaykh Salman Tarif the Druze reiterated their absolute faithfulness towards the State of Israel. This, at one time, lead to the establishment of a Druze unit in the Israeli Defense Forces (IDF). While the IDF expelled Arab Palestinians, Moslems and Christians, from their villages, the Druze were not expelled. The Druze also enjoyed greater opportunity to seek redress than their Christian and Muslim neighbours. They maintained much more regular and intimate contact with the Jewish community than other Palestinians did, and in particular they had a direct link to the IDF as a result of their service. As Arabs, they had certainly fared better than any other community, and by August 1949, under the leadership of the Tarif family, they had begun to negotiate their communal status with the Ministry of Religious Affairs, in an effort to distinguish them officially from their Christian and Muslim neighbours. As Israelis they would thus be treated better by the State than any other Israeli Arabs, but they nevertheless remained second-class citizens in a Jewish state." So....I think this pretty much sums it up. They were a community that preferred to safeguard their religious minority at the expense of betraying other Palestinian Arabs, of whom they shared a cultural heritage with. The leadership of the Druze community therefore were more concerned about maintaining their survival regardless of the sovereignty of the land. Some argue that if they hadn't done that, then the fate of their small community would have followed other demised minorities, as their populations were densely located in territories under Israeli hegemony at the time. So I guess we can call these actions 'Opportunistic'? Whether their actions in 1947-49 were traitorous towards Palestinian aspirations, there is no doubt. Let's not forget also that they were and still are being used as convenient 'pawns' of Israel and its IDF in the subjugation of other Palestinians. We also see today a growing dissident Druze population within Israel that don't think their many sacrifices for the IDF, whilst not being rewarded by being treated as first class citizens, are worth the pain their communities endure. Here is an interesting clip about an Israeli Druze family that reflects upon their sacrifies for Israel and the IDF: http://www.dailymotion.com/video/xrtmcv_druze-soldiers-in-israel-condemn-violence-against-palestinians_news#.UQ6f9aEtqrU However today, the Druze are hardly the reason for the continued lack of Palestinian human rights, and the continued denial of Palestinian self-determination. I think most of that blame lies with rotten Palestinian leadership, both in the PA and the Hamas, as well as the past and continued collusion of Arab dictatorial regimes with Israel to deny Palestinian rights. Once these issues are resolved, Israel will be faced with making peace on an equal footing with Palestinians and Arab neighbouring populations, and NOT with dictators and despots of the Arab world. When this happens in the near future, I see no hurdles in reconciliation with all Israelis, be it Jews or Druze. More on reddit.com
Jewish Virtual Library
jewishvirtuallibrary.org › history-and-overview-of-the-israeli-druze
History & Overview of the Israeli Druze
The Druze religion has its roots in Ismailism, a religio-philosophical movement that founded the Fatimid Caliphate in Egypt in the tenth century. During the reign of al-Hakim (996 - 1021), the Druze creed came into being, blending Islamic monotheism with Greek philosophy and Hindu influences.
Americandruzesociety
americandruzesociety.org
American Druze Society - Home
To perpetuate the universal teaching of the Druze faith, the enhancement of fellowship among Druze and Druze descendants, the advancement of Druze religious, literary/cultural knowledge through education/research, and the betterment of all Druze people through charitable work · Join us become ...
OHCHR
ohchr.org › en › press-releases › 2025 › 08 › syria-un-experts-alarmed-attacks-druze-communities-including-sexual-violence
Syria: UN experts alarmed by attacks on Druze communities, including sexual violence against women and girls | OHCHR
GENEVA – UN experts* today sounded the alarm over a wave of armed attacks on Syrian Druze communities in and around Sweida Governorate since 13 July 2025, with reports of killings, enforced disappearances, abductions, looting, destruction of property, and sexual and gender-based violence against women and girls.
IFCJ
ifcj.org › home › resources › who are the druze?
The Druze Religion | The Muwahideen | Who Are the Druze? | IFCJ
January 25, 2023 - The Druze religion has its roots in Islam, but although some members consider themselves “Muslim,” they have been recognized as a separate religion. Their faith is monotheistic, ethnoreligious, and an Abrahamic religion. Druze are unitarian, but they recognize many prophets, including Jesus, John the Baptist, Mohammed, Khidr, and Moses.
Americandruzefoundation
americandruzefoundation.org › about-the-druze
About the Druze | American Druze Foundation
The Druze way of life is erected atop honorable values and precepts, crowned by truthfulness and the safeguarding of brethren. The Druze are focused on egalitarianism, self-discipline, oneness of God, supremacy of the mind, and community-bound reincarnation.
BBC
bbc.com › news › articles › c70xyv4z74go
Who are the Druze and why is Israel attacking Syria?
Half of its roughly one million followers live in Syria, where they make up about 3% of the population. Druze in Israel are largely considered to be loyal to the state, owing to their participation in military service.
Published July 17, 2025
Reddit
reddit.com › r/askhistorians › what is the history behind israel and the druze?
r/AskHistorians on Reddit: What is the history behind Israel and the Druze?
June 25, 2025 -
My understanding is that the Druze in Israel join the army, unlike other Arabs. And I've seen an interview where Druze Israelis were expressing very anti-Palestinian/pro zionist opinions. What is the history behind this? Were the Druze so persecuted that they somehow saw zionists as saviors?
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The Druze religion is an offshoot of Islam with unique practices, many of which are kept secret from non-Druze. For certain other Muslim groups this ethno-religion is blasphemous to their Islam, and therefore necessitates violence. Druze communities are insular by nature, which one might argue contributes to the divide between them and other Muslim sects, although they are not themselves a separatist movement. Most of the Israeli-Druze population was a result of war in 1967, with Syria joining in the invasion to recolonize Israel and instead being driven further back, losing control of the Golan Heights. This region had the largest Druze population and the new borders messily cut around these villages until the 1981 annexation. During the interim a number of people fled to other parts of Syria that were further from the conflict. For those remaining in land under Israeli control, the prospect of cooperation was complicated by the potential for a peace deal that handed the land back to the Syrian regime. The Syrian regime maintained economic ties with these villages as well. However over time these programs would decrease because of Syria’s internal issues and Druze became more incentivized to participate in Israel’s growing economy. Dr Salim Brik of Haifa University attributes the main driver of Druze-Israeli relations is the Syrian Civil War which both decreased the perception that the Golan would be handed over to Syria, and in Dr Yusri Hasan of Shalem College’s view also increased the perception that the next regime would be more hostile to Druze while also not being able to offer the same economic and educational prospects as Israel. This mix of factors changed the perception of Druze that accepted Israeli citizenship and eventually boycotts of such individuals became rare/non-existent. And over time more and more Druze began applying for naturalization, with now roughly 20% holding Israeli citizenship. Unlike other Arab/Muslim groups, Druze citizens of Israel are conscripted just like Jewish citizens. Druze have distinguished themselves in combat and there have been Druze IDF officers since the 1950s. This service alongside Jewish countrymen has fostered integration into broader Israeli society. The Druze, like other Arab/Muslim communities in Israel, have also seen an increase in embracing the Israeli national identity since the October 7th attack and resulting war has included violence against their communities by the Iranian-MB axis. Most notably for the Druze community was the Hezbollah strike on a soccer field in Majdal Shams, resulting in the deaths of 12 children. It should be noted that the Druze religion does not have the same views on Shaheed (martyrdom) that is common in the region, and instead place a higher value on the immortal Druze soul. The continued degradation of Syria led to the rise of Syrian-Druze separatists who envisioned a Druze state. This is still popular among Syrian-Druze, some Israeli-Druze, and some Israeli officials/politicians. Recently as Assad’s regime fell to Islamist forces that are hostile toward Druze, the idea of uniting the Druze under Israeli annexation has gained favor, with several Druze villages unanimously calling on Israeli forces to maintain their presence. In the village of Hader, a Druze patriarch with views skeptical of Israel delivered a speech stating: “If we have to choose, we will choose the lesser evil. And even if it’s considered evil to ask to be annexed to the [Israeli] Golan, it’s a much lesser evil than the evil coming our way. That evil might take our women, might take our daughters, they might take our houses. We asked to be annexed to the Golan to preserve our dignity. We ask in the name of all the surrounding area to join our people in the Golan, and to live with freedom and dignity like our people are living [in Israel]. And despite being different peoples, the treatment of other minority groups in regions more dominated by HTS and ISIS (such as Alawites, Kurds, Yazidi, and Zoroastrians) has been seen as further indication that the Druze would be unsafe under the control of either Islamist faction. Ultimately it appears to come down to a need for self-preservation. Israel is a functional secular democracy that provides educational and economic opportunities while Syria is unstable and dominated by racial/religious violence against minority groups. While opinions of Israeli society vary greatly among the Druze, they seem more or less united in believing there is no future as a part of Syria.
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Study.com
study.com › courses › history courses › general religious studies
Druze Religion | History, Beliefs & Facts | Study.com
It is a monotheistic religion with prophets who are recognized by both the Christian and Muslim religions. The Druze are ethnoreligious, meaning they form a common ethnicity and religious group.