Big byte-order is like the usual decimal notation, but in base 256:

230 * 256**3 + 4 * 256**2 + 0 * 256**1 + 0 * 256**0 = 3859021824

just like

1234 = 1 * 10**3 + 2 * 10**2 + 3 * 10**1 + 4 * 10**0

For little byte-order, the order is reversed:

0 * 256**3 + 0 * 256**2 + 4 * 256**1 + 230 = 1254
Answer from cffs on Stack Overflow
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Python
docs.python.org › 3 › builtins › stdtypes.html
Built-in Types — Python 3.14.7 documentation
Changed in version 3.11: Added default argument values for length and byteorder. classmethod int.from_bytes(bytes, byteorder='big', *, signed=False)¶
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GeeksforGeeks
geeksforgeeks.org › python › how-to-convert-bytes-to-int-in-python
How to Convert Bytes to Int in Python? - GeeksforGeeks
July 23, 2025 - Converting bytes to integers in ... it can be converted to the integer 1. int.from_bytes() method is used to convert a byte object into an integer....
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AskPython
askpython.com › python › built-in-methods › python-bit-functions
Python Bit Functions for Integer Data [With Easy Explanation] - AskPython
February 16, 2023 - That is, from_bytes() function takes an array of bytes as an argument along with the byteorder parameter and then returns the integer value corresponding to it. ... By this, we have come to the end of this topic.
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GeeksforGeeks
geeksforgeeks.org › python › python-bit-functions-on-int-bit_length-to_bytes-and-from_bytes
Python bit functions on int (bit_length, to_bytes and from_bytes) - GeeksforGeeks
August 20, 2020 - # Returns integer value of '\x00\x10' in big endian machine. print(int.from_bytes(b'\x00\x10', byteorder ='big'))
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Real Python
realpython.com › python-bytes
Bytes Objects: Handling Binary Data in Python – Real Python
March 5, 2025 - The error message tells you that each of the bytes in your sequence must fit between 0 and 255, inclusive. The 256 in the message is there because a range() object corresponds to a right-open interval, meaning it includes the start but not the end value. To work around this limitation, you can choose from many options. Arguably, the most straightforward way to use two’s complement when reading or writing binary data in Python is to call an integer’s .to_bytes() and .from_bytes() methods with the signed parameter set to True:
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W3Schools
w3schools.com › python › ref_func_bytes.asp
Python bytes() Function
Python Examples Python Compiler Python Exercises Python Quiz Python Challenges Python Practice Problems Python Server Python Syllabus Python Study Plan Python Interview Q&A Python Training ... The bytes() function returns a bytes object.
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TutorialsPoint
tutorialspoint.com › article › how-to-convert-bytes-to-int-in-python
How to Convert Bytes to Int in Python?
March 27, 2026 - By converting bytes to integers, we can perform various arithmetic and logical operations, interpret data, and manipulate it as needed. The int.from_bytes() method is the standard way to create an integer from a sequence of bytes.
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Google
sites.google.com › a › pythonlake.com › math › int-from_bytes
int.from_bytes() - pythonlake.com
The contents of this site are for training and research purposes and do not warrant the accuracy of results. We're periodically updating site to more interactive, productive, and accurate. Any question and concern should be directed to adil@pythonlake.com, Tel: +1-571-402-2882.
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Wikiversity
en.wikiversity.org › wiki › Python_Concepts › Bytes_objects_and_Bytearrays
Python Concepts/Bytes objects and Bytearrays - Wikiversity
January 22, 2025 - Retrieved from "https://en.wikiversity.org/w/index.php?title=Python_Concepts/Bytes_objects_and_Bytearrays&oldid=2696525" Category: Python · Search · Python Concepts/Bytes objects and Bytearrays ·
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Python.org
discuss.python.org › core development
What should be the default value for `int.to_bytes(..., byteorder=?, ...)` - Core Development - Discussions on Python.org
September 13, 2021 - Over in bpo-45155 and this PR there is a discussion about adding default arguments to int.to_bytes() and int.from_bytes() in order to make the former easier to use to create single byte bytes objects: >>> (65).to_bytes() b'A' The shedding centers around what the default value should be for ...
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Python
bugs.python.org › issue34889
Issue 34889: int.to_bytes and int.from_bytes should default to the system byte order like the struct module does - Python tracker
This issue tracker has been migrated to GitHub, and is currently read-only. For more information, see the GitHub FAQs in the Python's Developer Guide · This issue has been migrated to GitHub: https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/79070
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KooR.fr
koor.fr › Python › API › python › builtins › int › from_bytes.wp
KooR.fr - Méthode from_bytes - classe int - module builtins - Description de quelques librairies Python
Vous êtes un professionnel et vous avez besoin d'une formation ? RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation)et Fine Tuning d'un LLM Voir le programme détaillé Classe « int » Python 3.13.2 · def from_bytes(bytes, byteorder='big', *, signed=False)
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Programiz
programiz.com › python-programming › methods › built-in › bytes
Python bytes()
Online Python Online JavaScript Online SQL Online Java Online HTML Online C Online C++ Online C# Online PHP Online Swift Online Kotlin Online TypeScript Online Go Online Rust Online Scala Online Dart Online R Online Ruby ... The bytes() method returns an immutable bytes object initialized with the given size and data.
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GeeksforGeeks
geeksforgeeks.org › python-bytes-method
Python bytes() method - GeeksforGeeks
January 2, 2025 - Each number in the list must be between 0 and 255 because each byte can only hold numbers in that range. When we pass a list of numbers to the bytes() method, Python will create a bytes object where each number in the list corresponds to one byte.
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w3resource
w3resource.com › python › python-bytes.php
Python Bytes, Bytearray
Their literals are written in single or double quotes : 'python', "data". Bytes and bytearray objects contain single bytes – the former is immutable while the latter is a mutable sequence. Bytes objects can be constructed the constructor, bytes(), and from literals; use a b prefix with normal string syntax: b'python'.
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Mimo
mimo.org › glossary › python › bytes
Python Bytes: Syntax, Usage, and Examples
Become a Python developer. Master Python from basics to advanced topics, including data structures, functions, classes, and error handling ... Start your coding journey with Python. Learn basics, data types, control flow, and more ... Python bytes are sequences of raw 8-bit values.
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Python Forum
python-forum.io › thread-41447.html
Int.From_Bytes Method - Conversion of Non-Escaped Bytes Objects
I'm wondering how the 'int.from_bytes' method returns the output that it does when it's converting input other than the escaped parts of bytes objects (see below for some examples...
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Reddit
reddit.com › r/learnpython › how do i convert a string to bytes?
r/learnpython on Reddit: How do I convert a string to bytes?
August 8, 2023 -

Suppose I something like

s = "GW\x25\001"

How do I convert that string to bytes, interpreting the backslashes as escapes? In other words, the resulting byte array should be of length 4.

UPDATE: Hmmm, I was taking the string from sys.argv[1], which seems to complicate things and not make it turn out as expected. So I'm still not sure what the answer is.