You can revert individual commits with:
git revert <commit_hash>
This will create a new commit which reverts the changes of the commit you specified. Note that it only reverts that specific commit, and not commits that come after that. If you want to revert a range of commits, you can do it like this:
git revert <oldest_commit_hash>..<latest_commit_hash>
It reverts all the commits after <oldest_commit_hash> up to and including <latest_commit_hash>. Some versions of git also revert the <oldest_commit_hash> itself, so double check if that commit gets reverted or not. You can always drop the latest revert commit (which reverts the oldest commit) with g reset --hard HEAD~.
To find out the hash of the commit(s) you can use git log.
Look at the git-revert man page for more information about the git revert command. Also, look at this answer for more information about reverting commits.
Extra note for re-applying reverted commits:
Usually you revert commits because you discovered the commits that you pushed turn out to have an issue. Then you first want to restore the repo to a stable state, before you continue to fix the issue. So then you would first do the git revert, as described before. Then push those revert commits, so the remote is stable. After that you would want to re-apply the reverted commits locally, so your local repo's files are back to the state before the revert. Then you can fix the issue.
To re-apply the reverted commits, you have to revert the revert commits. So what you would do, is to again execute the git revert command, but then with the range of commits of the revert commits. So your new revert commits will revert the previous revert commits. Then your files are back to the state before the first revert. Then you can fix the issue, create a new commit with the fix, and then push all the new commits.
You can revert individual commits with:
git revert <commit_hash>
This will create a new commit which reverts the changes of the commit you specified. Note that it only reverts that specific commit, and not commits that come after that. If you want to revert a range of commits, you can do it like this:
git revert <oldest_commit_hash>..<latest_commit_hash>
It reverts all the commits after <oldest_commit_hash> up to and including <latest_commit_hash>. Some versions of git also revert the <oldest_commit_hash> itself, so double check if that commit gets reverted or not. You can always drop the latest revert commit (which reverts the oldest commit) with g reset --hard HEAD~.
To find out the hash of the commit(s) you can use git log.
Look at the git-revert man page for more information about the git revert command. Also, look at this answer for more information about reverting commits.
Extra note for re-applying reverted commits:
Usually you revert commits because you discovered the commits that you pushed turn out to have an issue. Then you first want to restore the repo to a stable state, before you continue to fix the issue. So then you would first do the git revert, as described before. Then push those revert commits, so the remote is stable. After that you would want to re-apply the reverted commits locally, so your local repo's files are back to the state before the revert. Then you can fix the issue.
To re-apply the reverted commits, you have to revert the revert commits. So what you would do, is to again execute the git revert command, but then with the range of commits of the revert commits. So your new revert commits will revert the previous revert commits. Then your files are back to the state before the first revert. Then you can fix the issue, create a new commit with the fix, and then push all the new commits.
A solution that keeps no traces of the "undo".
NOTE: Don't do this if someone already pulled your change (I would use this only on my personal repo.)
Run:
git reset <previous label or sha1>
Note: previous means the commit before the erroneous commit
This will re-checkout all the updates locally (so git status will list all updated files, meaning, the files you changed/added/.. and were committed).
Then you "do your work" and re-commit your changes (Note: This step is optional).
git commit -am "blabla"
At this moment your local tree differs from the remote
git push -f <remote-name> <branch-name>
will force the remote branch to take this push and remove the previous one (specifying remote-name and branch-name is not mandatory but is recommended to avoid updating all branches with update flag).
!! Watch-out some tags may still be pointing removed commit !! how-to-delete-a-remote-tag
How to undo pushed commits
How do I get back to the most recent push/commit?
How do you revert your code back to your last git commit?
Undoing last commit
How do I undo a merge commit?
What happens if I encounter conflicts while reverting a commit?
Videos
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One of our artists managed to push 1 month of progress without merging
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As you can see I tried to undo the commits one by one in reverse order
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I couldn't undo the merge commit of Arvincle because it's empty
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When I try to revert the commit before that I get one file I need to merge first, but the rest of the changes are not undone
Is there a way to reset the HEAD of main to the last valid commit?
Git commit only saves it to the stage, which is locally on your computer. Use Push to update it to a remote server (Like github).
Use git revert <ID> to revert back to a previous commit. each commit has an identifying code.
See here for more details on revert
The above answer is not quite correct - git revert <ID> does not set your repository to that commit -- git revert <ID> creates a new commit that undoes the changes introduced by commit <ID>. It's more or less a way to 'undo' a commit and save that undo in your history as a new commit.
If you want to set your branch to the state of a particular commit (as implied by the OP), you can use git reset <commit>, or git reset --hard <commit> The first option only updates the INDEX, leaving files in your working directory unchanged as if you had made the edits but not yet committed them. With the --hard option, it replaces the contents of your working directory with what was on <commit>.
A note of warning that git reset will alter history -- if I made several commits and then reset to the first commit, the subsequent commits will no longer be in the commit history. This can cause some serious headaches if any of those lost commits have been pushed to a public repository. Make sure you only use it to get rid of commits that haven't been pushed to another repository!