Using JSON.stringify() or any deep comparison methods may be inefficient, if you know ahead the shape of the object, you can write your own effect hook that triggers the callback based on the result of your custom equality function.

useEffect works by checking if each value in the dependency array is the same instance with the one in the previous render and executes the callback if one of them is not. So we just need to keep the instance of the data we're interested in using useRef and only assign a new one if the custom equality check return false to trigger the effect.

function arrayEqual(a1: any[], a2: any[]) {
  if (a1.length !== a2.length) return false;
  for (let i = 0; i < a1.length; i++) {
    if (a1[i] !== a2[i]) {
      return false;
    }
  }
  return true;
}

type MaybeCleanUpFn = void | (() => void);

function useNumberArrayEffect(cb: () => MaybeCleanUpFn, deps: number[]) {
  const ref = useRef<number[]>(deps);

  if (!arrayEqual(deps, ref.current)) {
    ref.current = deps;
  }

  useEffect(cb, [ref.current]);
}

Usage

function Child({ arr }: { arr: number[] }) {
  useNumberArrayEffect(() => {
    console.log("run effect", JSON.stringify(arr));
  }, arr);

  return <pre>{JSON.stringify(arr)}</pre>;
}

Taking one step further, we can also reuse the hook by creating an effect hook that accepts a custom equality function.

type MaybeCleanUpFn = void | (() => void);
type EqualityFn = (a: DependencyList, b: DependencyList) => boolean;

function useCustomEffect(
  cb: () => MaybeCleanUpFn,
  deps: DependencyList,
  equal?: EqualityFn
) {
  const ref = useRef<DependencyList>(deps);

  if (!equal || !equal(deps, ref.current)) {
    ref.current = deps;
  }

  useEffect(cb, [ref.current]);
}

Usage

useCustomEffect(
  () => {
    console.log("run custom effect", JSON.stringify(arr));
  },
  [arr],
  (a, b) => arrayEqual(a[0], b[0])
);

Live Demo