If it's a dictionary you can use get(keyname, value)
{'foo': {'bar': 'baz'}}.get('foo', {}).get('bar')
Answer from Aliaksandr Sushkevich on Stack OverflowWiingy
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Chaining Comparison Operators in Python
January 30, 2025 - We can chain three or more comparison operators to make more complex comparisons. For example: 1x = 5 y = 10 z = 15 if x < y < z: print("x is less than y, which is less than z") if x == y == z: print( A. Comparison Operator Syntax: The syntax for comparison operators in Python is as follows:
Videos
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Can we get Optional Chaining (from JS) working in Python? - YouTube
r/Python on Reddit: Best hidden feature of python | Chaining ...
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Optional Chaining: From Specification to Implementation - YouTube
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Optional Chaining Operator (?.) in JavaScript - YouTube
Optional chaining operator in Python
Careful. You're about to discover monads on your way to implementing bind or flatMap More on reddit.com
Add optional chaining of attributes - Ideas - Discussions on Python.org
Hey everyone! Other languages have the concept of optional chaining (javascript/swift maybe more). It enables developers to easily access nested attributes that might be null. Example of how it could be used. from typing import Optional class B: data: Optional[bool] class A: container: Optional[B] ... More on discuss.python.org
Explain Chaining comparison operators in Python
Explore the fundamentals of Python comparison operators, including equality, inequality, and logical comparisons. More on accuweb.cloud
What Is the Optional Chaining Operator, and How Does It Work?
TLDR: Optional Chaining Operator is for objects, not properties? https://www.w3schools.com/jS/js_2020.asp " The Optional Chaining Operator returns undefined if an object is undefined or null (instead of throwing an error)." /TLDR I’ve found a quiz question pretty confusing but I thought I ... More on forum.freecodecamp.org
Python documentation
docs.python.org › 3 › tutorial › classes.html
9. Classes — Python 3.14.3 documentation
There’s nothing special about instantiation of derived classes: DerivedClassName() creates a new instance of the class. Method references are resolved as follows: the corresponding class attribute is searched, descending down the chain of base classes if necessary, and the method reference is valid if this yields a function object.
Reddit
reddit.com › r/python › optional chaining operator in python
r/Python on Reddit: Optional chaining operator in Python
August 5, 2025 -
I'm trying to implement the optional chaining operator (?.) from JS in Python. The idea of this implementation is to create an Optional class that wraps a type T and allows getting attributes. When getting an attribute from the wrapped object, the type of result should be the type of the attribute or None. For example:
## 1. None
my_obj = Optional(None)
result = (
my_obj # Optional[None]
.attr1 # Optional[None]
.attr2 # Optional[None]
.attr3 # Optional[None]
.value # None
) # None
## 2. Nested Objects
@dataclass
class A:
attr3: int
@dataclass
class B:
attr2: A
@dataclass
class C:
attr1: B
my_obj = Optional(C(B(A(1))))
result = (
my_obj # # Optional[C]
.attr1 # Optional[B | None]
.attr2 # Optional[A | None]
.attr3 # Optional[int | None]
.value # int | None
) # 5
## 3. Nested with None values
@dataclass
class X:
attr1: int
@dataclass
class Y:
attr2: X | None
@dataclass
class Z:
attr1: Y
my_obj = Optional(Z(Y(None)))
result = (
my_obj # Optional[Z]
.attr1 # Optional[Y | None]
.attr2 # Optional[X | None]
.attr3 # Optional[None]
.value # None
) # NoneMy first implementation is:
from dataclasses import dataclass
@dataclass
class Optional[T]:
value: T | None
def __getattr__[V](self, name: str) -> "Optional[V | None]":
return Optional(getattr(self.value, name, None))But Pyright and Ty don't recognize the subtypes. What would be the best way to implement this?
Top answer 1 of 5
69
Careful. You're about to discover monads on your way to implementing bind or flatMap
2 of 5
42
This kind of thing just cannot be implemented as a library in the Python type system. The semantics may work fine at runtime, but Python just doesn't have a way of expressing the type of an attribute access. In contrast, this kind of thing is easy in the TypeScript type system – it has pretty good support for mapping record types. I'd love a safe navigation navigation operator in Python, but so far no proposal has gained sufficient traction. For example, see PEP 505 None-aware operators or threads on discuss.python.org . A key difficulty is that the None object isn't that special in Python, at least not in the way that undefined and null are special in JavaScript.
Zvi
greaterwrong.com › posts › SEszTmpx7gFaAaHFq › career-decisions-if-you-take-agi-seriously
Career Decisions If You Take AGI Seriously - LessWrong 2.0 viewer
5 days ago - Training compute determines what capability exists at the frontier: runs now involve tens of thousands of high-end accelerators costing billions of dollars. Inference-time compute determines how much of that capability can be deployed: chain-of-thought reasoning, search, and test-time processing let a model become more capable per query without retraining from scratch.
Python.org
discuss.python.org › ideas
Add optional chaining of attributes - Ideas - Discussions on Python.org
May 25, 2023 - Hey everyone! Other languages have the concept of optional chaining (javascript/swift maybe more). It enables developers to easily access nested attributes that might be null. Example of how it could be used. from typing import Optional class B: data: Optional[bool] class A: container: Optional[B] a = A() if data := a?.container?.data: ... To do something similar today. try: if data := a.container.data: ... except (NameError, AttributeError) as e: pass Is this ...
Blogger
deploytonenyures.blogspot.com › 2022 › 11 › python-optional-chaining-revisited.html
Deploy to nenyures: Python Optional Chaining Revisited
November 14, 2022 - I've been thinking again about that Python missing feature (Optional Chaining) I wrote about in this post. It seems like there are no plans to approve the PEP-505 (None aware operators), as there are quite a few opponents to the syntax.
Accuweb
accuweb.cloud › home › explain chaining comparison operators in python
Understanding Python Comparison Operators and Chaining
June 19, 2024 - In Python, these operators include equality (==), inequality (!=), and others such as less than (<), greater than (>), less than or equal to (<=), and greater than or equal to (>=). While these operators individually provide powerful tools for logical comparisons, chaining them together allows for even more concise and readable code.
MDN Web Docs
developer.mozilla.org › en-US › docs › Web › JavaScript › Reference › Operators › Optional_chaining
Optional chaining (?.) - JavaScript | MDN
The optional chaining (?.) operator accesses an object's property or calls a function. If the object accessed or function called using this operator is undefined or null, the expression short circuits and evaluates to undefined instead of throwing an error.
Nikhil Akki's Blog
nikhilakki.in › understanding-method-chaining-in-python
Understanding Method Chaining in Python
July 22, 2023 - Configuration settings: Method ... options on an object, where each method call modifies a specific setting. Fluent APIs: Method chaining allows for the creation of fluent APIs, where the chain of method calls reads like a sentence, providing an intuitive and expressive coding style. Method chaining is a powerful technique in Python that enables ...
Python.org
discuss.python.org › ideas
Add optional chaining of attributes - #6 by Declow - Ideas - Discussions on Python.org
May 26, 2023 - Hey everyone! Other languages have the concept of optional chaining (javascript/swift maybe more). It enables developers to easily access nested attributes that might be null. Example of how it could be used. from typi…
LinkedIn
linkedin.com › posts › vincentwarmerdam_can-we-get-optional-chaining-from-js-working-activity-7399875676243185664-EsRj
Can we get Optional Chaining (from JS) working in Python?
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Python.org
discuss.python.org › ideas
Introducing a Safe Navigation Operator in Python - #40 by steve.dower - Ideas - Discussions on Python.org
October 9, 2023 - I’ve been considering the idea of proposing a new feature in Python - a Safe Navigation Operator, similar to what’s available in languages like JavaScript, Ruby, and C#. Before proceeding with writing a formal PEP, I wan…