Use export default instance instead of export {instance}

There are a couple of problems in your code:

First, in the action creator you are using an axios instance to make the ajax call, but in the test you are not providing that instance to the axios-mock-adapter. You should provide your axios instance in your test when you create the instance of MockAdapter.

Second, the params property you are providing to the axios mock in the onGet method does not match the parameters that are sent in the get operation in your action creator. You should match the parameters in the call with their values. Thus, you should provide query and page params.

Last, you are returning the expectedActions in the mock request, but that does not seem right. Looking at your code, it seems that you want to return an empty array.

Having all that into account, your code would look like:

import MockAdapter from 'axios-mock-adapter';
import thunk from 'redux-thunk';
import configureMockStore from 'redux-mock-store';

import axiosInstence from '../../apis/axiosInstence';
import { searchPhotos } from '../searchAction';

const mock = new MockAdapter(axiosInstence);

const middlewares = [thunk];
const mockStore = configureMockStore(middlewares);
const term = 'cars';
const store = mockStore({});

describe('actions', () => {
    beforeEach(() => {
        mock.reset();
        store.clearActions();
    });

    it('Should create an action to signIn with a fake user', async () => {
        const expectedActions = [{
            type: 'SEACH_REQUEST'
        }, {
            type: 'SEARCH_PHOTOS',
            payload: []
        }];

        mock.onGet('/search/photos', {
            params: {
                query: 'cars',
                page: 1
            }
        }).reply(200, []);

        const data = await store.dispatch(searchPhotos(term));
        const receivedActions = store.getActions();
        expect(receivedActions).toEqual(expectedActions);
    });
});

Without using any other libraries:

import * as axios from "axios";

// Mock out all top level functions, such as get, put, delete and post:
jest.mock("axios");

// ...

test("good response", () => {
  axios.get.mockImplementation(() => Promise.resolve({ data: {...} }));
  // ...
});

test("bad response", () => {
  axios.get.mockImplementation(() => Promise.reject({ ... }));
  // ...
});

It is possible to specify the response code:

axios.get.mockImplementation(() => Promise.resolve({ status: 200, data: {...} }));

It is possible to change the mock based on the parameters:

axios.get.mockImplementation((url) => {
    if (url === 'www.example.com') {
        return Promise.resolve({ data: {...} });
    } else {
        //...
    }
});

Jest v23 introduced some syntactic sugar for mocking Promises:

axios.get.mockImplementation(() => Promise.resolve({ data: {...} }));

It can be simplified to

axios.get.mockResolvedValue({ data: {...} });

There is also an equivalent for rejected promises: mockRejectedValue.

Further Reading:

• Jest mocking documentation
• A GitHub discussion that explains about the scope of the jest.mock("axios") line.
• A related question which addresses applying the techniques above to Axios request interceptors.
• Using jest functions like mockImplementation in TypeScript: Typescript and Jest: Avoiding type errors on mocked functions