Codon reads Python code and organizes it into a form the compiler can analyze.

A high-performance, zero-overhead, extensible Python compiler with built-in NumPy support - exaloop/codon

March 26, 2023 - 153 votes, 73 comments. A high-performance, zero-overhead, extensible Python compiler with built-in NumPy support - codon/LICENSE at develop ·…

April 25, 2023 - The article's author, Rachel Gordon, stressed that Codon can compile Python scripts into native code that is as fast, and sometimes faster, than hand-crafted code in C/C++. But quotes from Ariya Shajii, one of Codon’s two developers, mentioned that there were also limitations, in that some of the dynamic features of Python would not work, and that not all of Python 3 was available.

Codon is a high-performance Python compiler that compiles Python code to native machine code without any runtime overhead. Typical speedups over Python are on the order of 100x or more, on a single thread.

September 25, 2024 - The following comparison is on the official Codon website: CPython? Codon tries to follow CPython’s syntax, semantics and APIs as closely as possible, aside from a few cases where Codon differs from CPython for perfor…

May 11, 2023 - Created as a way to speed processing of genomic data, Cordon can compile some Python programs at a fraction of the speed of the Python compiler itself.

March 14, 2023 - Codon is a new tool that compiles Python code to run it more efficiently and effectively while allowing for customization and adaptation to various domains.

March 10, 2025 - In their blog post, the authors provide charts showing the improvement of Codon over regular Python when running the NPBench NumPy benchmarks. The geometric mean of speedups is modest, 2.4x, but the maximum is crazy, at 900x.

Python programs and leverages a novel intermediate repre- sentation to easily incorporate domain-specific optimizations · and analyses. We showcase and evaluate several compiler · extensions and DSLs for Codon targeting various domains,

Exaloop’s Codon framework compiles Python to native machine code for 10-100x performance gains, multithreading, GPU acceleration & more.

September 29, 2024 - This is targeting a Python subset, not Python itself · For example, something as simple as this will not compile, because lists cannot mix types in Codon (https://docs.exaloop.io/codon/language/collections#strong-ty...):

codon · collections · copy · datetime · functools · getopt · gpu · gzip · heapq · internal · itertools · math · numpy · openmp · operator · os · pickle · python · random · re · simd · sortedlist · statistics · string · sys · threading · time ·

Amino acid reverse translation and DNA optimization tool based on species-specific codon-use distributions.

A high-performance, zero-overhead, extensible Python compiler with built-in NumPy support - exaloop/codon

March 12, 2023 - As described in a paper [PDF] provided to The Register in advance of its planned March 16 release, "Codon: A Compiler for High-Performance Pythonic Applications and DSLs," the toolchain "enables the development of DSLs that share Python’s syntax and semantics together with added domain-specific features and IR optimizations."

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April 3, 2026 - This is not a bug. This is what C/C++ have been doing since before Python learned to walk. Codon assumes you know what a 64-bit integer is.

This package provides codon usage bias (CUB) analysis tools for genomic sequences, focusing on protein coding regions, translation efficiency and synonymous mutations.

The biggest difference is most likely that Cython will only use static typing if it's explicitly written, otherwise you still incur dynamic typing overhead, whereas Codon uses black magic to infer the types from a generic Python file and thus needs no extra work for massive speedups.