OpenJDK works best for me. It's simple and I have never faced any problem with it. Just follow these simple steps:

1. From Terminal install open jdk

   sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk
   

2. Write a java program and save the file as filename.java

3. Now to compile use this command from the terminal

   javac filename.java
   

   If everything works well then a new "filename.class" file should be created.

4. To run your program that you've just compiled type the command below in terminal:

   java filename
   

NOTE

You can use any text editor (like gedit) ,

replace the filename with watever name you want

you need to be on same directory as the "present working directory" (got by running pwd) while running the command from terminal.

Ideally you would use a build system such as Maven, ANT, etc

If you are just compiling classes which are in the current working directory, and you have not used packages, you can quite happily use

$ javac *.java

If you have used some packages (and have put the files in their correct package directories) you can use

$ javac $(find . -name \*.java)

When you get to a large number of files, you will need to list them in a file and reference that via a @ argument, eg

$ find . -name \*.java > ./java-files.txt
$ javac @./java-files.txt

But ultimately a build tool will make life a lot easier.

Guys let's understand the syntax of it.

1. If class file is present in the Current Dir.

   java -cp . fileName

2. If class file is present within the Dir. Go to the Parent Dir and enter below cmd.

   java -cp . dir1.dir2.dir3.fileName

3. If there is a dependency on external jars then,

   java -cp .:./jarName1:./jarName2 fileName

   Hope this helps.

Since Java 11 you can use a single command

java example.java

https://openjdk.java.net/jeps/330

Linked: How to compile and run in single command in java