About 10 mins after asking this question I thought of a different approach which is perhaps still a hack, but it avoids having to use the project directory name. I put the VSIX file in the .devcontainer/ directory, and then added a COPY command to the end of my Dockerfile thus:

COPY vscode-cds-1.1.4.vsix /tmp/

and could then specify this neutral path in the extensions property thus:

"extensions": [
        "dbaeumer.vscode-eslint",
        "/tmp/vscode-cds-1.1.4.vsix"
]

This works. Wondering if there's a better way though.

Answer from qmacro on Stack Overflow
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Visual Studio Code
code.visualstudio.com › docs › devcontainers › containers
Developing inside a Container
November 3, 2021 - For example, follow these steps to open one of the "try" repositories in a Repository Container: Start VS Code and run Dev Containers: Clone Repository in Container Volume...
Discussions

Need help finding how to download the vsix file for extensions
they just removed the ability to download from the online marketplace, each line in the history tab use to be downloadable, this is how codium users can dl thoses as well ..... rooooaaaaaaa!!!!!!! im pissed now More on reddit.com
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Using Dev Containers as development environment
You should not be using one container for this. Redis needs to be it's own container. nginx needs to be it's own container. And you are using docker, docker-compose, the services see each other by service name(s). Same with postgres. More on reddit.com
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Are you using Dev Containers?
We use them via devpod and have a custom image that we shove all our stuff into. Makes onboarding engineers trivial. No more installing 12 CLIs and 3 language toolchains or worrying about Mac vs Windows vs Linux. Devpod environment runs in EKS to allow vertical scaling when needed. More on reddit.com
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devcontainer file in vscode setup understanding
Also modifying running containers is bad idea. (If it restarts u lose your changes.) Either have a volume mount for your changes if possible or modify/extends the image itself. More on reddit.com
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Aspire
aspire.dev › get-started › dev-containers
Dev Containers in Visual Studio Code | Aspire
To configure Dev Containers in Visual Studio Code, use the .devcontainer/devcontainer.json file in your repository. The simplest way to get started is by creating a new repository from the Aspire Dev Container template.
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Visual Studio Code
code.visualstudio.com › docs › devcontainers › tutorial
Dev Containers tutorial
November 3, 2021 - For example, the dev container in this example installs the streetsidesoftware.code-spell-checker extension.
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Ken Muse
kenmuse.com › blog › implementing-private-vs-code-extensions-for-dev-containers
Implementing Private VS Code Extensions for Dev Containers - Ken Muse
September 20, 2024 - Download the extension from a known endpoint URL and copy it to a known path within the dev container. Tools such as curl, wget, or gh can download the file to a the user’s home folder and then install the extension. For example: 1 curl -sSLo /home/vscode/tool.vsix \ 2 -H "Accept: application/octet-stream" \ 3 -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" \ 4 https://github.com/myorg/myrepo/releases/download/v1.0/tool.vsix
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Development Containers
containers.dev › supporting
Supporting tools and services
Visual Studio added dev container support in Visual Studio 2022 17.4 for C++ projects using CMake Presets. It is part of the Linux and embedded development with C++ workload, so make sure it is selected in your VS installation.
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Tibco
docs.tibco.com › pub › flogo-vscode › 1.3.5 › doc › html › install-guide › Extension-with-Dev-Containers.htm
Using the Extension with Visual Studio Code Dev Containers
For example, Microsoft's Dev Container .mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/base:bullseye. Based on the configuration and your selections, a .devcontainer folder with a devcontainer.json file and a Dockerfile is built. You are connected to the container environment in Visual Studio Code.
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Visual Studio Marketplace
marketplace.visualstudio.com › items
Dev Containers - Visual Studio Marketplace
Extension for Visual Studio Code - Open any folder or repository inside a Docker container and take advantage of Visual Studio Code's full feature set.
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Visual Studio Code
code.visualstudio.com › docs › devcontainers › faq
Dev Containers FAQ
November 3, 2021 - A VS Code window can only connect to one window currently, but you can open a new window and attach to an already running container or use a common Docker Compose file with multiple devcontainer.json files to automate the process a bit more.
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Softworx
softworx.at › en › automatic-installation-of-an-extension-in-vscode-from-a-vsix-file-when-starting-a-dev-container
Automatic installation of an extension in VSCode from a *.vsix file when starting a Dev Container
"postAttachCommand": "/home/node/.vscode-server/bin/*/bin/remote-cli/code --install-extension /workspace/swx-time-tracker-0.0.1.vsix", This way, the extension is automatically installed every time the Dev Container starts – without any manual steps.
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Docker Hub
hub.docker.com › r › microsoft › vscode-devcontainers
microsoft/vscode-devcontainers - Docker Image
Either create a codespace for your repository⁠ or set up your local machine⁠ for use with the Remote - Containers extension, start VS Code, and open your project folder. Press F1, and select the Add Development Container Configuration Files...
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Rancher Desktop
docs.rancherdesktop.io › vs code remote containers
VS Code Remote Containers | Rancher Desktop Docs
Press F1 to bring up a search bar on the command pallette to query for available commands. Begin to type in "Dev Containers: Open Folder in Container..." and click on the command Dev Containers: Open Folder in Container....
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GitHub
github.com › microsoft › vscode-dev-containers
GitHub - microsoft/vscode-dev-containers: NOTE: Most of the contents of this repository have been migrated to the new devcontainers GitHub org (https://github.com/devcontainers). See https://github.com/devcontainers/template-starter and https://github.com/devcontainers/feature-starter for information on creating your own! · GitHub
November 30, 2023 - Either create a codespace for your repository or set up your local machine for use with the Dev Containers extension, start VS Code, and open your project folder. Press F1, and select the Add Development Container Configuration Files...
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Lohr Dev
blog.lohr.dev › launching-dev-containers
Reverse engineering Microsoft's dev container CLI - Michi's Blog
February 11, 2024 - So if it detects that the folder you are trying to open, with e.g. vscli dev/myproject, contains a dev container configuration file, it will open it in a vscode dev container instead.
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Medium
medium.com › @fabian1heinrich › vscode-airgapped-devcontainer-e18a97bad0b4
VS Code Air-Gapped Dev Container by Fabian Heinrich | Medium
December 28, 2023 - In this example, I installed pip packages to run a Jupyter Notebook inside our Dev Container. Before we can launch a notebook, we have to install at least the Python and the Jupyter extensions locally inside the container.
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Medium
medium.com › versent-tech-blog › introduction-to-dev-containers-4c01cb1752a0
Introduction to Dev Containers. An introduction to Dev Containers in… | by Mathew Hemphill | Versent Tech Blog | Medium
June 19, 2024 - This article provides an introduction to Dev Containers in Visual Studio Code (VS Code) and demonstrates the benefits of using Java development as an example.
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VsixHub
vsixhub.com › vsix › 3984
Dev Containers 0.411.0 VSIX (Latest Version) - VsixHub
April 8, 2025 - You are about to download the vsix file for Dev Containers v0.411.0 extension on Visual Studio Code 1.99.0 and up: Dev Containers, Open any folder or repository inside a Docker container and take advantage of Visual Studio Code's full feature set.
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