All of those languages are useful in different situations. Python's very popular with scientists, ML engineers, and the like. Non-programmers who need to write programs love it because it's approachable and has a plugin for basically anything. It's my favorite language for writing tiny, one-off programs and doing hackathons and coding competitions and stuff. Java's the workhorse of the corporate world. If you're writing a giant application full of business logic for a big corporation, and you're gonna maintain it for two decades, Java's still the default choice. C++ is the most powerful option. If you need something to go as fast as it can go, C++ is your default choice. But whole types of bugs around stuff like memory that are basically impossible to cause in Python or Java are really easy to cause in C++, and its error messages aren't so much legible as they arSegmentation Fault (core dumped). You can go far with any of them, and there's a good chance you'll end up learning all three at some point. More on reddit.com

There's a widespread belief among programmers that the more dynamic and loosely typed the language, the more productive the programmer will be in it. Guido van Rossum wrote about programming produc... More on softwareengineering.stackexchange.com

I'm not a heavy Python user, but I'd say these would be the top three. Java uses braces to identify blocks, while Python uses indentation: // Python if something: // do something, must be indented else: // do something else // Java if (something) { // do something } else { // do something else } Java also ends each statement with a semicolon, while Python does not. You'll notice this right away when comparing Java and Python code. 2) Java enforces variable types. In Python, this is OK: // Python i = 4 // i stores a number i = "four" // i stores a string In Java, it's not: // Java int i = 4; // i is declared to store only integers i = "four"; // will generate an error, since i must store integers 3) Python has built-in lists and maps (called dictionaries), while Java does not: // Python i = [1, 2, 4] // i is a list, and its size can change i.append(5) print(i) m = { 1: "test" } print(m) Pretty much anything with these built-in data structures works nicely right out of the box using Python. In contrast, in Java this looks like: // Java // Lists and maps require a ton of imports import java.util.List; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.Map; import java.util.HashMap; // And the overall syntax for using them is ... involved List i = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(1, 2, 4)); i.add(5); System.out.println(i); Map m = new HashMap<>(Map.of(1, "test")); System.out.println(m); (Sorry for all the edits. Reddit support for fenced code blocks is still really terrible, which makes providing code examples very frustrating.) More on reddit.com

Python might be the easiest to start with. And it is quite useful under Linux to automate certain things for example. More on reddit.com