The difference isn't "web framework" vs "Javascript framework". The difference is that Django's architecture is server-generated pages. React / Angular / View are client-generated-pages aka single-page-apps aka SPA.

SPAs generally feel snappier because there are fewer page loads from the server. They employ routers in the browser to handle page changes entirely in the app. The initial load time is typically longer because more code has to be loaded up front.

Server-generated pages are lighter weight and more secure. The big downside is that performance suffers due to network latency which affects frequent page loads. That is also an issue with user interaction since that requires round trips to the server to process the interaction and update the page.

There is no dependency on NodeJS whatsoever. Your web framework handles server requests, and your angular app runs in the browser. You would use Django to serve the files used by the angular runtime, typically this includes a mix of HTML, JS and CSS files.

Your angular app may request data from the server, in which case it would 'call into' your Django code via an XHR request using the built in $http service (or possibly $resource service).