When parsing a module (that has imports and exports), use esprima.parseModule(code, {"jsx": True}).

Furthermore, Esprima does not support React's <> fragment syntax, so you'll have to hack those to their canonical form first (and yes, I'm aware it will happily replace that in e.g. strings within the source too, but can't be helped:

code = code.replace("<>", "<React.Fragment>")
code = code.replace("</>", "</React.Fragment>")
pprint(esprima.parseModule(code, {"jsx": True}))

prints out

{
    type: "Program",
    sourceType: "module",
    body: [
        {
            type: "ImportDeclaration",
            specifiers: [
                {
                    type: "ImportSpecifier",
                    local: {
                        type: "Identifier",
                        name: "Image"
                    },
                    imported: {
                        type: "Identifier",
                        name: "Image"
                    }
                }
            ],
            source: {
                type: "Literal",
                value: "Base",
                raw: "'Base'"
            }
        },
...

(once the missing tags were added ;-) )