You can either use:
[x / 10.0 for x in range(5, 50, 15)]
or use lambda / map:
map(lambda x: x/10.0, range(5, 50, 15))
Answer from Grzegorz Rożniecki on Stack OverflowYou can either use:
[x / 10.0 for x in range(5, 50, 15)]
or use lambda / map:
map(lambda x: x/10.0, range(5, 50, 15))
def frange(x, y, jump):
while x < y:
yield x
x += jump
---
As the comments mention, this could produce unpredictable results like:
>>> list(frange(0, 100, 0.1))[-1]
99.9999999999986
To get the expected result, you can use one of the other answers in this question, or as @Tadhg mentioned, you can use decimal.Decimal as the jump argument. Make sure to initialize it with a string rather than a float.
>>> import decimal
>>> list(frange(0, 100, decimal.Decimal('0.1')))[-1]
Decimal('99.9')
Or even:
import decimal
def drange(x, y, jump):
while x < y:
yield float(x)
x += decimal.Decimal(jump)
And then:
>>> list(drange(0, 100, '0.1'))[-1]
99.9
[editor's not: if you only use positive jump and integer start and stop (x and y) , this works fine. For a more general solution see here.]
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Rather than using a decimal step directly, it's much safer to express this in terms of how many points you want. Otherwise, floating-point rounding error is likely to give you a wrong result.
Use the linspace function from the NumPy library (which isn't part of the standard library but is relatively easy to obtain). linspace takes a number of points to return, and also lets you specify whether or not to include the right endpoint:
>>> np.linspace(0,1,11)
array([ 0. , 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1. ])
>>> np.linspace(0,1,10,endpoint=False)
array([ 0. , 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9])
If you really want to use a floating-point step value, use numpy.arange:
>>> import numpy as np
>>> np.arange(0.0, 1.0, 0.1)
array([ 0. , 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9])
Floating-point rounding error will cause problems, though. Here's a simple case where rounding error causes arange to produce a length-4 array when it should only produce 3 numbers:
>>> numpy.arange(1, 1.3, 0.1)
array([1. , 1.1, 1.2, 1.3])
range() can only do integers, not floating point.
Use a list comprehension instead to obtain a list of steps:
[x * 0.1 for x in range(0, 10)]
More generally, a generator comprehension minimizes memory allocations:
xs = (x * 0.1 for x in range(0, 10))
for x in xs:
print(x)
Hi, I have a section of code which takes a score from the user, typecasts it into a float value and saves it under the variable name "score". Then I have a line of code which reads:
while score not in range(0, 101):
However, when I input a float, I get an invalid input error message from python. I think it's because I can't use the range() function with floats. Is there a way around this? If anyone knows how to solve this, then your help would be greatly appreciated. Thank you in advance.
You could use numpy.arange.
EDIT: The docs prefer numpy.linspace. Thanks @Droogans for noticing =)
One explanation might be floating point rounding issues. For example, if you could call
range(0, 0.4, 0.1)
you might expect an output of
[0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3]
but you in fact get something like
[0, 0.1, 0.2000000001, 0.3000000001]
due to rounding issues. And since range is often used to generate indices of some sort, it's integers only.
Still, if you want a range generator for floats, you can just roll your own.
def xfrange(start, stop, step):
i = 0
while start + i * step < stop:
yield start + i * step
i += 1