Use Fused location provider in Android set your interval in that:

For an example create your activity like this:

public class LocationActivity extends Activity implements
        LocationListener,
        GoogleApiClient.ConnectionCallbacks,
        GoogleApiClient.OnConnectionFailedListener {

    private static final String TAG = "LocationActivity";
    private static final long INTERVAL = 1000 * 10;
    private static final long FASTEST_INTERVAL = 1000 * 5;
    Button btnFusedLocation;
    TextView tvLocation;
    LocationRequest mLocationRequest;
    GoogleApiClient mGoogleApiClient;
    Location mCurrentLocation;
    String mLastUpdateTime;

    protected void createLocationRequest() {
        mLocationRequest = new LocationRequest();
        mLocationRequest.setInterval(INTERVAL);
        mLocationRequest.setFastestInterval(FASTEST_INTERVAL);
        mLocationRequest.setPriority(LocationRequest.PRIORITY_HIGH_ACCURACY);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        Log.d(TAG, "onCreate ...............................");
        //show error dialog if GoolglePlayServices not available
        if (!isGooglePlayServicesAvailable()) {
            finish();
        }
        createLocationRequest();
        mGoogleApiClient = new GoogleApiClient.Builder(this)
                .addApi(LocationServices.API)
                .addConnectionCallbacks(this)
                .addOnConnectionFailedListener(this)
                .build();

        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        tvLocation = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tvLocation);

        btnFusedLocation = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnShowLocation);
        btnFusedLocation.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View arg0) {
                updateUI();
            }
        });

    }

    @Override
    public void onStart() {
        super.onStart();
        if (mGoogleApiClient.isConnected()) {
            startLocationUpdates();
            Log.d(TAG, "Location update resumed .....................");
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onStop() {
        super.onStop();
        Log.d(TAG, "onStop fired ..............");
        mGoogleApiClient.disconnect();
        Log.d(TAG, "isConnected ...............: " + mGoogleApiClient.isConnected());
    }

    private boolean isGooglePlayServicesAvailable() {
        int status = GooglePlayServicesUtil.isGooglePlayServicesAvailable(this);
        if (ConnectionResult.SUCCESS == status) {
            return true;
        } else {
            GooglePlayServicesUtil.getErrorDialog(status, this, 0).show();
            return false;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onConnected(Bundle bundle) {
        Log.d(TAG, "onConnected - isConnected ...............: " + mGoogleApiClient.isConnected());
        startLocationUpdates();
    }

    protected void startLocationUpdates() {
        PendingResult<Status> pendingResult = LocationServices.FusedLocationApi.requestLocationUpdates(
                mGoogleApiClient, mLocationRequest, this);
        Log.d(TAG, "Location update started ..............: ");
    }

    @Override
    public void onConnectionSuspended(int i) {

    }

    @Override
    public void onConnectionFailed(ConnectionResult connectionResult) {
        Log.d(TAG, "Connection failed: " + connectionResult.toString());
    }

    @Override
    public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
        Log.d(TAG, "Firing onLocationChanged..............................................");
        mCurrentLocation = location;
        mLastUpdateTime = DateFormat.getTimeInstance().format(new Date());
        updateUI();
    }

    private void updateUI() {
        Log.d(TAG, "UI update initiated .............");
        if (null != mCurrentLocation) {
            String lat = String.valueOf(mCurrentLocation.getLatitude());
            String lng = String.valueOf(mCurrentLocation.getLongitude());
            tvLocation.setText("At Time: " + mLastUpdateTime + "\n" +
                    "Latitude: " + lat + "\n" +
                    "Longitude: " + lng + "\n" +
                    "Accuracy: " + mCurrentLocation.getAccuracy() + "\n" +
                    "Provider: " + mCurrentLocation.getProvider());
        } else {
            Log.d(TAG, "location is null ...............");
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPause() {
        super.onPause();
        stopLocationUpdates();
    }

    protected void stopLocationUpdates() {
        LocationServices.FusedLocationApi.removeLocationUpdates(
                mGoogleApiClient, this);
        Log.d(TAG, "Location update stopped .......................");
    }

    @Override
    public void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        if (mGoogleApiClient.isConnected()) {
            startLocationUpdates();
            Log.d(TAG, "Location update resumed .....................");
        }
    }
}

Google play services required:

I am glad that I finally found it. The code is short. I have used LocationRequest and LocationCallback method. Also, I have used the fusedLocationProviderClient for requestLocationUpdates.

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private FusedLocationProviderClient fusedLocationProviderClient;
    TextView locationTextView;
    LocationRequest locationRequest;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        locationTextView = findViewById(R.id.location_text);

        fusedLocationProviderClient = LocationServices.getFusedLocationProviderClient(this);

//Not the best practices to get runtime permissions, but still here I ask permissions.
        if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
                && ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION}, 1);
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION}, 2);
        }

//Instantiating the Location request and setting the priority and the interval I need to update the location.
        locationRequest = locationRequest.create();
        locationRequest.setInterval(100);
        locationRequest.setFastestInterval(50);
        locationRequest.setPriority(LocationRequest.PRIORITY_HIGH_ACCURACY);

//instantiating the LocationCallBack
        LocationCallback locationCallback = new LocationCallback() {
            @Override
            public void onLocationResult(LocationResult locationResult) {
                if (locationResult != null) {
                    if (locationResult == null) {
                        return;
                    }
     //Showing the latitude, longitude and accuracy on the home screen.
                    for (Location location : locationResult.getLocations()) {
                        locationTextView.setText(MessageFormat.format("Lat: {0} Long: {1} Accuracy: {2}", location.getLatitude(),
                                location.getLongitude(), location.getAccuracy()));
                    }
                }
            }
        };
        fusedLocationProviderClient.requestLocationUpdates(locationRequest, locationCallback, Looper.getMainLooper());
    }
}

In activity_main.xml

<TextView
        android:id="@+id/location_text"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:fontFamily="@font/andika"
        android:text="Hello World!"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

Also, before all these, I have added this in my dependencies

    implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-location:17.0.0'

And this in my Manifest

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"/>

And this keeps on updating in intervals you choose

Have you tried debugging to make sure your service is being hit?

This might sound silly, but have you checked if your service is registered in your manifest? I know I've definitely run into that issue.

<service android:name=".LocationService"
        android:label="Location Service"
        android:exported="true"
        android:enabled="true"
        android:process=":location_background_service"/>

For getting the location, when I set mine up, I created a class that implemented android.location.LocationListener.

private class LocationListener implements android.location.LocationListener {
    Location mLastLocation;

    public LocationListener(String provider) {
        Log.e(TAG, "LocationListener " + provider);
        mLastLocation = new Location(provider);
    }

    @Override
    public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
        Log.e(TAG, "onLocationChanged: " + location);
        mLastLocation.set(location);
    }

    @Override
    public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {
        Log.e(TAG, "onProviderDisabled: " + provider);
    }

    @Override
    public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {
        Log.e(TAG, "onProviderEnabled: " + provider);
    }

    @Override
    public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {
        Log.e(TAG, "onStatusChanged: " + provider);
    }
}

You can create multiple instances for different providers. In my case, I ended up using 2.

LocationListener[] mLocationListeners = new LocationListener[]{
        new LocationListener(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER),
        new LocationListener(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER)
};

Then I initialized a LocationManager that can set a polling rate for each a LocationListener.

private void initializeLocationManager() {
    Log.e(TAG, "initializeLocationManager");
    if (mLocationManager == null) {
        mLocationManager = (LocationManager) getApplicationContext().getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);
    }
}

Then in your Service onCreate function, initialize your LocationManager, and use one of the listeners as your main source and the other as a fallback.

try {
        mLocationManager.requestLocationUpdates(
                LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER,
                5 * 60 * 1000, //5 Minutes
                1F /*METERS*/,
                mLocationListeners[0]
        );
    } catch (java.lang.SecurityException ex) {
        Log.e(TAG, "failed to request location update. Insufficient permissions. ", ex);
        try {
            mLocationManager.requestLocationUpdates(
                    LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER,
                    5 * 60 * 1000, //5 Minutes
                    1F /*METERS*/,
                    mLocationListeners[1]
            );
        } catch (java.lang.SecurityException e) {
            Log.e(TAG, "failed to request location update. Insufficient permissions. ", e);
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
            Log.e(TAG, "Network provider does not exist.", e);
        }
    } catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) {
        Log.e(TAG, "Network provider does not exist.", ex);
    }
}

(Sorry if this code is gross, it's a quick and dirty example.)

You are causing it to stop listening after the first location.

public void onLocationChanged(Location location) 
{
    if (location != null)
    {
        // This needs to stop getting the location data and save the battery power.
        locManager.removeUpdates(this); <-- REMOVE THIS LINE

To save power you can use/implement a function to detect when the user is stationary. You can for example define a user in stationary state when the location has not changed in more than 2 minutes (set this parameter so it does not fire too often, as when the user stops at a red light). When stationary states are detected, stop listen for location updates from the GPS and start listen for SIGNIFICANT_MOTION_SENSOR to detect active states. Be aware that not all models have this software sensor so you have to support situations when this is the case.

Try to use this helper class to start location updates :

Edited :

import android.content.Context;
import android.location.Location;
import android.location.LocationManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.util.Log;

import com.google.android.gms.common.ConnectionResult;
import com.google.android.gms.common.api.GoogleApiClient;
import com.google.android.gms.location.LocationListener;
import com.google.android.gms.location.LocationRequest;
import com.google.android.gms.location.LocationServices;

public class LocationHandler implements GoogleApiClient.ConnectionCallbacks, GoogleApiClient.OnConnectionFailedListener, LocationListener {
    private static final String TAG = LocationHandler.class.getSimpleName();
    private Context mContext;
    public GoogleApiClient mGoogleApiClient;
    private LocationRequest mLocationRequest;
    private Location mCurrentLocation;
    private Handler handler;
    public boolean isLocationAvailable = false;

    public LocationHandler(Context context, Handler mHandler) {
        this.mContext = context;
        this.handler = mHandler;
        buildGoogleApiClient();
    }

    @Override
    public void onConnected(Bundle bundle) {
        LocationManager locationManager = (LocationManager)
                this.mContext.getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);
        isLocationAvailable = locationManager.isProviderEnabled(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER) &&
                locationManager.isProviderEnabled(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER);
        if (mCurrentLocation == null) {
            mCurrentLocation = LocationServices.FusedLocationApi.getLastLocation(mGoogleApiClient);
        }
        isLocationAvailable = true;
        startLocationUpdates();
        this.handler.sendEmptyMessage(0);
    }

    @Override
    public void onConnectionSuspended(int i) {
        Log.d(TAG, "onConnectionSuspended");
        mGoogleApiClient.connect();
    }

    @Override
    public void onConnectionFailed(ConnectionResult connectionResult) {
        Log.d(TAG, "Connection failed: ConnectionResult.getErrorCode() = " + connectionResult.getErrorCode());
    }


    @Override
    public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
        Log.d(TAG, "onLocationChanged = " + location.getLatitude());
        mCurrentLocation = location;
    }

    /**
     * To create location request
     */
    public void createLocationRequest() {
        Log.d(TAG, "createLocationRequest");
        mLocationRequest = new LocationRequest();
        mLocationRequest.setInterval(60 * 1000);
        mLocationRequest.setFastestInterval(60 * 1000);
        mLocationRequest.setPriority(LocationRequest.PRIORITY_BALANCED_POWER_ACCURACY);
    }

    /**
     * To build google client
     */
    public synchronized void buildGoogleApiClient() {
        Log.d(TAG, "buildGoogleApiClient");
        mGoogleApiClient = new GoogleApiClient.Builder(this.mContext)
                .addConnectionCallbacks(this)
                .addOnConnectionFailedListener(this)
                .addApi(LocationServices.API)
                .build();
        createLocationRequest();
        mGoogleApiClient.connect();
    }

    /**
     * To start location updates
     */
    public void startLocationUpdates() {
        Log.d(TAG, "startLocationUpdates");
        LocationServices.FusedLocationApi.requestLocationUpdates(mGoogleApiClient, mLocationRequest, this);
    }

    /**
     * To stop location updates
     */
    public void stopLocationUpdates() {
        Log.d(TAG, "stopLocationUpdates");
        LocationServices.FusedLocationApi.removeLocationUpdates(
                mGoogleApiClient, this);
    }

    /**
     * To get current location
     *
     * @return A location object
     */
    public Location getCurrentLocation() {
        return mCurrentLocation;
    }
}

In your activity do :

1. Check for internet connection.
2. Check for GPS is enabled or not.
3. Start location updates if both of above are true.

Like this :

Activity where we get location change updates :

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.location.LocationManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;

import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;


public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    private LocationHandler locationUtility;
    private LocationManager mLocationManager = null;
    private IncomingHandler incomingHandler;

    /**
     * Handler of incoming messages from clients.
     */
    private static class IncomingHandler extends Handler {
        private WeakReference<MainActivity> mainActivityWeakReference;

        public IncomingHandler(MainActivity mainActivity) {
            mainActivityWeakReference = new WeakReference<>(mainActivity);
        }

        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message message) {
            if (mainActivityWeakReference != null) {
                MainActivity mainActivity = mainActivityWeakReference.get();
                switch (message.what) {
                    case 0:

                        boolean isConnected = // check internet is connected
                        boolean isGPSEnabled = mainActivity.mLocationManager.isProviderEnabled(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER);
                        boolean isNetworkEnabled = mainActivity.mLocationManager.isProviderEnabled(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER);

                        if (!isConnected) {
                            // show alert or toast
                        }
                        if (!(isGPSEnabled && isNetworkEnabled)) {
                            // show alert or toast
                        }
                        if (mainActivity.locationUtility.mGoogleApiClient.isConnected()) {
                            mainActivity.locationUtility.startLocationUpdates(); // start updates
                        }
                        break;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);

        incomingHandler = new IncomingHandler(this);
        locationUtility = new LocationHandler(MainActivity.this, incomingHandler);
        mLocationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);
    }

}

When you want to stop updates use :

if (locationUtility.mGoogleApiClient.isConnected()) {
            locationUtility.stopLocationUpdates();
        }

This will update location even though your activity is paused unless it destroyed.

Also not to forget adding following permission in Manifest.xml :

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />

Thanks.

You can use locationResult.getLastLocation() to get the most up to date location available.

From the docs: LocationResult.getLastLocation()

public Location getLastLocation ()
    Returns the most recent location 
    available in this result, or null if no 
    locations are available.

you can use Location Request and fused location Api to update and fetch user location in a selected interval:

this is the Main activity:

 public class MapsActivity extends FragmentActivity implements OnMapReadyCallback,
        GoogleApiClient.ConnectionCallbacks,
        GoogleApiClient.OnConnectionFailedListener,
        LocationListener {

    private GoogleMap mMap;
    GoogleApiClient mGoogleApiClient;
    Location mLastLocation;
    Marker mCurrLocationMarker;
    LocationRequest mLocationRequest;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_maps);

        if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
            checkLocationPermission();
        }
        // Obtain the SupportMapFragment and get notified when the map is ready to be used.
        SupportMapFragment mapFragment = (SupportMapFragment) getSupportFragmentManager()
                .findFragmentById(R.id.map);
        mapFragment.getMapAsync(this);
    }


    /**
     * Manipulates the map once available.
     * This callback is triggered when the map is ready to be used.
     * This is where we can add markers or lines, add listeners or move the camera. In this case,
     * we just add a marker near Sydney, Australia.
     * If Google Play services is not installed on the device, the user will be prompted to install
     * it inside the SupportMapFragment. This method will only be triggered once the user has
     * installed Google Play services and returned to the app.
     */
    @Override
    public void onMapReady(GoogleMap googleMap) {
        mMap = googleMap;
        mMap.setMapType(GoogleMap.MAP_TYPE_HYBRID);

        //Initialize Google Play Services
        if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,
                    Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)
                    == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                buildGoogleApiClient();
                mMap.setMyLocationEnabled(true);
            }
        }
        else {
            buildGoogleApiClient();
            mMap.setMyLocationEnabled(true);
        }
    }

    protected synchronized void buildGoogleApiClient() {
        mGoogleApiClient = new GoogleApiClient.Builder(this)
                .addConnectionCallbacks(this)
                .addOnConnectionFailedListener(this)
                .addApi(LocationServices.API)
                .build();
        mGoogleApiClient.connect();
    }

    @Override
    public void onConnected(Bundle bundle) {

        mLocationRequest = new LocationRequest();
        mLocationRequest.setInterval(1000);
        mLocationRequest.setFastestInterval(1000);
        mLocationRequest.setPriority(LocationRequest.PRIORITY_BALANCED_POWER_ACCURACY);
        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,
                Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)
                == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            LocationServices.FusedLocationApi.requestLocationUpdates(mGoogleApiClient, mLocationRequest, this);
        }

    }

    @Override
    public void onConnectionSuspended(int i) {

    }

    @Override
    public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {

            mLastLocation = location;
            if (mCurrLocationMarker != null) {
                mCurrLocationMarker.remove();
            }

            //Place current location marker
            LatLng latLng = new LatLng(location.getLatitude(), location.getLongitude());
            MarkerOptions markerOptions = new MarkerOptions();
            markerOptions.position(latLng);
            markerOptions.title("Current Position");
            markerOptions.icon(BitmapDescriptorFactory.defaultMarker(BitmapDescriptorFactory.HUE_MAGENTA));
            mCurrLocationMarker = mMap.addMarker(markerOptions);

            //move map camera
            mMap.moveCamera(CameraUpdateFactory.newLatLng(latLng));
            mMap.animateCamera(CameraUpdateFactory.zoomTo(11));

            //stop location updates
            if (mGoogleApiClient != null) {
                LocationServices.FusedLocationApi.removeLocationUpdates(mGoogleApiClient, this);
            }

    }

    @Override
    public void onConnectionFailed(ConnectionResult connectionResult) {

    }

    public static final int MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_LOCATION = 99;
    public boolean checkLocationPermission(){
        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,
                Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)
                != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {

            // Asking user if explanation is needed
            if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this,
                    Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)) {

                // Show an explanation to the user *asynchronously* -- don't block
                // this thread waiting for the user's response! After the user
                // sees the explanation, try again to request the permission.

                //Prompt the user once explanation has been shown
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,
                        new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION},
                        MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_LOCATION);


            } else {
                // No explanation needed, we can request the permission.
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,
                        new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION},
                        MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_LOCATION);
            }
            return false;
        } else {
            return true;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode,
                                           String permissions[], int[] grantResults) {
        switch (requestCode) {
            case MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_LOCATION: {
                // If request is cancelled, the result arrays are empty.
                if (grantResults.length > 0
                        && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {

                    // permission was granted. Do the
                    // contacts-related task you need to do.
                    if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,
                            Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)
                            == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {

                        if (mGoogleApiClient == null) {
                            buildGoogleApiClient();
                        }
                        mMap.setMyLocationEnabled(true);
                    }

                } else {

                    // Permission denied, Disable the functionality that depends on this permission.
                    Toast.makeText(this, "permission denied", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                }
                return;
            }

            // other 'case' lines to check for other permissions this app might request.
            // You can add here other case statements according to your requirement.
        }
    }
}

And the manifest.xml file:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="com.google.android.providers.gsf.permission.READ_GSERVICES" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />

<application
    android:allowBackup="true"
    android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
    android:label="@string/app_name"
    android:supportsRtl="true"
    android:theme="@style/AppTheme">

    <meta-data
        android:name="com.google.android.geo.API_KEY"
        android:value="@string/google_maps_key"/>

    <activity
        android:name=".MapsActivity"
        android:label="@string/title_activity_maps">
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/>

            <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/>
        </intent-filter>
    </activity>
</application>

the project will:

1. Retreive user location at a specified interval using fused location api.

2. Ask specific runtime permission for location update

3. Draw a marker on google map based on user real time location..update

for details you can see this link:https://www.androidtutorialpoint.com/intermediate/android-map-app-showing-current-location-android/