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No, this is not possible:
Currently supported install methods include the Anaconda installer and the miniconda installer.
From here
You will either need to install miniconda/anaconda, or use another package manager.
Alternatively, you can use miniforge and its variants, but they still all come "with their own version of python". I don't know of a way to use conda with an existing installation of python
There is a conda-forge alternative to miniconda, https://github.com/conda-forge/miniforge#download. This offers many packages not found with anaconda. You can have multiple versions of Python installed, so find the equivalent version of Python that you have installed and select that with the conda command and then pull all the other packages you need to match that from the anaconda or conda-forge trees. You can't mix conda with any other environment manager (and use of pip is possible but not a good idea), but the conda environment works well.