Because these methods have different semantics explained in the JavaDoc. add/remove are unconditional while offer/poll return special value:

  • offer only offers a new value, but it might not be accepted, e.g. if the queue is full

  • poll only polls for the value, but we accept the fact the value might not be there.

To complicate matters more, BlockingQueue introduces yet another pair of methods for blocking add/remove. Of course they could have used the same named with a bunch of parameters/flags,

smellyGet(boolean blocking, boolean failOnEmpty)

but don't you think this is a better design?

        | Throws ex. | Special v. | Blocks | Times out
--------+------------+------------+--------+---------------------
Insert  | add(e)     | offer(e)   | put(e) | offer(e, time, unit)
Remove  | remove()   | poll()     | take() | poll(time, unit)
Examine | element()  | peek()     | N/A    | N/A

* https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/73566

Answer from Tomasz Nurkiewicz on Stack Overflow
🌐
GeeksforGeeks
geeksforgeeks.org › java › queue-poll-method-in-java
Queue poll() method in Java - GeeksforGeeks
July 11, 2025 - Below programs illustrate poll() method of Queue: Program 1: With the help of LinkedList. ... // Java Program Demonstrate poll() // method of Queue import java.util.*; public class GFG { public static void main(String[] args) throws IllegalStateException { // create object of Queue Queue<Integer> Q = new LinkedList<Integer>(); // Add numbers to end of Queue Q.add(7855642); Q.add(35658786); Q.add(5278367); Q.add(74381793); // print queue System.out.println("Queue: " + Q); // print head and deletes the head System.out.println("Queue's head: " + Q.poll()); // print head and deleted the head System.out.println("Queue's head: " + Q.poll()); } }
🌐
Medium
medium.com › @AlexanderObregon › javas-queue-poll-method-explained-0cb3aa71258a
Java’s Queue.poll() Method Explained | Medium
December 11, 2024 - Its primary purpose is to retrieve and remove the head of the queue. If the queue contains elements, the method returns the head element and removes it from the queue. If the queue is empty, it returns null.
Discussions

naming - Java Queues - why "poll" and "offer"? - Stack Overflow
Ok, so I've been using Java for a long time now and have recently been preparing for my OCJP exam. I was wondering if anyone might be able to provide any insight into why the method names "pol... More on stackoverflow.com
🌐 stackoverflow.com
Unsure if I am implementing SQS poller correctly in Java
I've built a few of these, including a few that hit 120k messages per sec and have way too many opinions on the topic. Here's my overly harsh code review. messages have the potential to take each other out. for example if one job OOMs java it kills all in flight messages. consider splitting this into separate processes with hard memory limits. There's no graceful shutdown hook so if you restart your java process you will lose all inflight messages. you're not actually deleting the messages from the queue once your done processing them. your error handling logic allows bad messages to lock up the queue. consider setting the message visibility timeout to 30s (with jitter) on failures to allow new messages to be run before it. is 20s time appropriate for your use case? If you have the potential to go over that you will cause duplicate runs of your message. I'd suggest considering adding a heart beat mechanism to continually push back the time out if the message is still in flight. keep your job runtime as fast as possible. your total throughput is # works / avg job latency. Batching is good for lots of small fast jobs but might be inappropriate for longer jobs. Most of the above things will really only mater if you really really care about each and every individual job. Overall you've got a good start! https://aws.amazon.com/builders-library/avoiding-insurmountable-queue-backlogs/ More on reddit.com
🌐 r/aws
7
1
June 18, 2021
Temporal Workers polling from a queue
Im designing a system using the java sdk where I have different temporal workers in different locations listening to a certain task pool. When a workflow is started, as the first workflow activity each worker polls a message queue which responds with data based on the worker’s location and ... More on community.temporal.io
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0
0
December 4, 2024
Java concurrent queue for tag change scripts
Usually not, if the time is spent waiting on a database or a web API or some other I/O-ish activity. If you are burning CPU with some super-complex in-memory algorithm, then total gateway CPU usage will throttle everyone. More on forum.inductiveautomation.com
🌐 forum.inductiveautomation.com
1
0
January 31, 2024
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CodeGym
codegym.cc › java blog › java collections › queue poll() method in java with examples
Queue poll() Method in Java
October 11, 2023 - Have a look at a simple example of calling poll() function on the queue shown in the figure 1.0. import java.util.LinkedList; import java.util.Queue; public class QueuePollMethod { public static void main(String[] args) { // create a queue of die rolls Queue
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Codecademy
codecademy.com › docs › java › queue › poll()
Java | Queue | poll() | Codecademy
August 28, 2025 - In Java, the poll() method of a queue retrieves and removes the head element, or returns null if the queue is empty.
🌐
GeeksforGeeks
geeksforgeeks.org › java › difference-between-poll-and-remove-method-of-queue-interface-in-java
Difference Between poll() and remove() method of Queue Interface in Java - GeeksforGeeks
July 23, 2025 - The remove() method removes an element from the head of this queue and returns it. The poll() method blocks until one or more elements become available for removal, then returns those elements but does not remove them from the queue.
Find elsewhere
🌐
Tutorialspoint
tutorialspoint.com › java › queue_poll.htm
Java - Queue poll() Method
We're creating an LinkedList of String, adding some elements, print it and then use poll() method to get the first element. As Queue is modified it is printed to check if first element is present or not. package com.tutorialspoint; import ...
🌐
IIT Kanpur
iitk.ac.in › esc101 › 05Aug › tutorial › collections › interfaces › queue.html
The Queue Interface
Whatever ordering is used, the ... or poll. In a FIFO queue, all new elements are inserted at the tail of the queue. Other kinds of queues may use different placement rules. Every Queue implementation must specify its ordering properties. It is possible for a queue implementation to restrict the number of elements that it holds. Such queues are known as bounded. Some Queue implementations in java.util.concurrent ...
🌐
Javacodehouse
javacodehouse.com › blog › java-stack-queue
Java Stacks and Queues
January 2, 2024 - import java.util.LinkedList; import java.util.Queue; public class QueueExample { public static void main(String[] args) { Queue<Integer> queue = new LinkedList<>(); // Enqueue elements into the queue queue.offer(1); queue.offer(2); queue.offer(3); // Dequeue elements from the queue while (!queue.isEmpty()) { System.out.println(queue.poll()); } } }
🌐
Baeldung
baeldung.com › home › java › java collections › guide to the java queue interface
Guide to the Java Queue Interface | Baeldung
January 8, 2024 - AbstractQueue is the simplest possible Queue implementation that Java provides. It includes a skeletal implementation of some of the Queue interface’s methods, excluding offer. When we create a custom queue extending the AbstractQueue class, we must provide an implementation of the offer method which does not allow the insertion of null elements. Additionally, we must provide the methods peek, poll, size, and java.util‘s iterator.
🌐
Educative
educative.io › answers › what-is-the-priorityqueuepoll-method-in-java
What is the PriorityQueue.poll() method in Java?
So, this way, we can use the PriorityQueue.poll() method to remove the head element from the priority queue data structure in Java.
🌐
CS Fundamentals
cs-fundamentals.com › tech-interview › java › difference-between-peek-poll-and-remove-method-of-the-queue-interface
Difference between peek poll and remove method of the Queue interface in Java?
peek gives the head element of the queue; poll gives the head element of the queue and remove it as well; remove gives the head element of the queue and will remove the head element from queue.
🌐
Reddit
reddit.com › r/aws › unsure if i am implementing sqs poller correctly in java
r/aws on Reddit: Unsure if I am implementing SQS poller correctly in Java
June 18, 2021 -

This code currently works, and is obviously unfinished, but I am not entirely sure if I am implementing things correctly as I have not used SQS before. I have the queue configured for long polling with a 20 second wait. I just want to make sure I am not doing something wrong, or in a less than optimal way. Messages need to be processed immediately, and so far they are, but I haven't tried really loading it up yet. I have just been sending requests via Postman to the service that puts messages in the queue that this feeds from. This is running in SpringBoot btw.

Edit: Should I be running recieveMessage() on a thread as well in that loop, or is running the processing on a thread enough to keep things flowing quickly?

@Component
public class SQSPoller {

    Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SQSPoller.class);

    private final SqsClient sqsClient;
    private final Executor executor;
    private boolean pollerActive = false;
    private final String queueName = "my_queue_name";
    private final String queueUrl;

    public SQSPoller() {
        this.sqsClient = SqsClient.builder().region(Region.US_WEST_2).build();
        this.executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
        this.queueUrl = sqsClient.getQueueUrl(GetQueueUrlRequest.builder().queueName(queueName).build()).queueUrl();
    }

    @PostConstruct
    public void init() {
        startPoller();
    }

    public void startPoller() {
        if(!pollerActive) {
            pollerActive = true;
            while(pollerActive){
                receiveMessage();
            }
        }
    }

    public void receiveMessage() {
        ReceiveMessageResponse response = sqsClient.receiveMessage(ReceiveMessageRequest.builder()
                .waitTimeSeconds(20)
                .queueUrl(queueUrl)
                .build()
        );
        logger.info("messaged received");
        executor.execute(() -> processMessages(response.messages()));
    }

    public void processMessages(List<Message> messages){
        AvroDeserializer<TransactionEvent> deserializer = new AvroDeserializer<>(TransactionEvent.class);
        for(Message m : messages){
            try{
                TransactionEvent te = deserializer.deSerialize(m.body());
                logger.info(te.toString());
            } catch (IOException e){
                logger.error(e.getMessage());
            }
            logger.info(m.body());
        }
    }

}
Top answer
1 of 2
3
I've built a few of these, including a few that hit 120k messages per sec and have way too many opinions on the topic. Here's my overly harsh code review. messages have the potential to take each other out. for example if one job OOMs java it kills all in flight messages. consider splitting this into separate processes with hard memory limits. There's no graceful shutdown hook so if you restart your java process you will lose all inflight messages. you're not actually deleting the messages from the queue once your done processing them. your error handling logic allows bad messages to lock up the queue. consider setting the message visibility timeout to 30s (with jitter) on failures to allow new messages to be run before it. is 20s time appropriate for your use case? If you have the potential to go over that you will cause duplicate runs of your message. I'd suggest considering adding a heart beat mechanism to continually push back the time out if the message is still in flight. keep your job runtime as fast as possible. your total throughput is # works / avg job latency. Batching is good for lots of small fast jobs but might be inappropriate for longer jobs. Most of the above things will really only mater if you really really care about each and every individual job. Overall you've got a good start! https://aws.amazon.com/builders-library/avoiding-insurmountable-queue-backlogs/
2 of 2
1
Does your spring app just to process the message queue only or it is also part of a large application. If you really want to process your message queue only, I will write a lambda function and as soon as a message comes to your queue, your lambda process it. But you need to refactor the code a little more. There are some example in aws to get you started.
🌐
Temporal
community.temporal.io › community support
Temporal Workers polling from a queue - Community Support - Temporal
December 4, 2024 - Im designing a system using the java sdk where I have different temporal workers in different locations listening to a certain task pool. When a workflow is started, as the first workflow activity each worker polls a message queue which responds with data based on the worker’s location and then the worker processes it.
🌐
Oracle
docs.oracle.com › javase › 7 › docs › api › java › util › Queue.html
Queue (Java Platform SE 7 )
Among the exceptions are priority queues, which order elements according to a supplied comparator, or the elements' natural ordering, and LIFO queues (or stacks) which order the elements LIFO (last-in-first-out). Whatever the ordering used, the head of the queue is that element which would be removed by a call to remove() or poll().
🌐
TutorialsPoint
tutorialspoint.com › difference-between-peek-poll-and-remove-method-of-queue-interface-in-java
Difference between peek(), poll() and remove() method of Queue interface in java?
May 6, 2022 - Element at the top of the queue: Java Contents of the queue: Java JavaFX OpenCV Coffee Script Hbase · The poll() method of the Queue interface returns the object at the top of the current queue and removes it.
🌐
IncludeHelp
includehelp.com › java › differences-between-poll-and-remove-methods-of-queue-interface-in-java.aspx
Java - Difference Between poll() and remove() Methods of Queue Interface
March 25, 2024 - This method is used to retrieve the head element of the Queue or in other words, it is used to retrieve the first element or initial element of the queue. In the case of poll() method, it retrieves the head element of the queue and then removes the head element of the queue.
🌐
Jérôme Pilliet
igm.univ-mlv.fr › ~juge › javadoc-19 › java.base › java › util › Queue.html
Queue (Java SE 19 & JDK 19)
Among the exceptions are priority queues, which order elements according to a supplied comparator, or the elements' natural ordering, and LIFO queues (or stacks) which order the elements LIFO (last-in-first-out). Whatever the ordering used, the head of the queue is that element which would be removed by a call to remove() or poll().
🌐
GeeksforGeeks
geeksforgeeks.org › java › priorityqueue-poll-method-in-java
PriorityQueue poll() Method in Java - GeeksforGeeks
July 11, 2025 - The java.util.PriorityQueue.poll() method in Java is used to retrieve or fetch and remove the first element of the Queue or the element present at the head of the Queue. The peek() method only retrieved the element at the head but the poll() ...