javascript date to string format

stackoverflow.com › questions › 3552461 › how-do-i-format-a-date-in-javascript

If you need slightly less control over formatting than the currently accepted answer, Date#toLocaleDateString can be used to create standard locale-specific renderings. The locale and options arguments let applications specify the language whose formatting conventions should be used, and allow some customization of the rendering.

Options key examples:

day:
The representation of the day.
Possible values are "numeric", "2-digit".
weekday:
The representation of the weekday.
Possible values are "narrow", "short", "long".
year:
The representation of the year.
Possible values are "numeric", "2-digit".
month:
The representation of the month.
Possible values are "numeric", "2-digit", "narrow", "short", "long".
hour:
The representation of the hour.
Possible values are "numeric", "2-digit".
minute: The representation of the minute.
Possible values are "numeric", "2-digit".
second:
The representation of the second.
Possible values are "numeric", 2-digit".
hour12:
The representation of time format.
Accepts boolean true or false

All these keys are optional. You can change the number of options values based on your requirements, and this will also reflect the presence of each date time term.

Note: If you would only like to configure the content options, but still use the current locale, passing null for the first parameter will cause an error. Use undefined instead.

For different languages:

"en-US": For American English
"en-GB": For British English
"hi-IN": For Hindi
"ja-JP": For Japanese

You can use more language options.

For example

var options = { weekday: 'long', year: 'numeric', month: 'long', day: 'numeric' };
var today  = new Date();

console.log(today.toLocaleDateString("en-US")); // 9/17/2016
console.log(today.toLocaleDateString("en-US", options)); // Saturday, September 17, 2016
console.log(today.toLocaleDateString("hi-IN", options)); // शनिवार, 17 सितंबर 2016

You can also use the toLocaleString() method for the same purpose. The only difference is this function provides the time when you don't pass any options.

// Example
9/17/2016, 1:21:34 PM

References:

toLocaleString()
toLocaleDateString()

Answer from ajeet kanojia on Stack Overflow

MDN Web Docs

developer.mozilla.org › en-US › docs › Web › JavaScript › Reference › Global_Objects › Date

Date - JavaScript - MDN Web Docs - Mozilla

Furthermore, implementations are allowed to support other date formats when the input fails to match this format. The toISOString() method returns a string representation of the date in the date time string format, with the time zone offset always set to Z (UTC).

Stack Overflow

stackoverflow.com › questions › 3552461 › how-do-i-format-a-date-in-javascript

How do I format a date in JavaScript? - Stack Overflow

Options key examples:

day:
The representation of the day.
Possible values are "numeric", "2-digit".
weekday:
The representation of the weekday.
Possible values are "narrow", "short", "long".
year:
The representation of the year.
Possible values are "numeric", "2-digit".
month:
The representation of the month.
Possible values are "numeric", "2-digit", "narrow", "short", "long".
hour:
The representation of the hour.
Possible values are "numeric", "2-digit".
minute: The representation of the minute.
Possible values are "numeric", "2-digit".
second:
The representation of the second.
Possible values are "numeric", 2-digit".
hour12:
The representation of time format.
Accepts boolean true or false

All these keys are optional. You can change the number of options values based on your requirements, and this will also reflect the presence of each date time term.

Note: If you would only like to configure the content options, but still use the current locale, passing null for the first parameter will cause an error. Use undefined instead.

For different languages:

"en-US": For American English
"en-GB": For British English
"hi-IN": For Hindi
"ja-JP": For Japanese

You can use more language options.

For example

var options = { weekday: 'long', year: 'numeric', month: 'long', day: 'numeric' };
var today  = new Date();

console.log(today.toLocaleDateString("en-US")); // 9/17/2016
console.log(today.toLocaleDateString("en-US", options)); // Saturday, September 17, 2016
console.log(today.toLocaleDateString("hi-IN", options)); // शनिवार, 17 सितंबर 2016

You can also use the toLocaleString() method for the same purpose. The only difference is this function provides the time when you don't pass any options.

// Example
9/17/2016, 1:21:34 PM

References:

toLocaleString()
toLocaleDateString()

2 of 16

1756

For custom-delimited date formats, you have to pull out the date (or time) components from a DateTimeFormat object (which is part of the ECMAScript Internationalization API), and then manually create a string with the delimiters you want.

To do this, you can use DateTimeFormat#formatToParts. You could destructure the array, but that is not ideal, as the array output depends on the locale:

{ // example 1
   let formatter = new Intl.DateTimeFormat('en');
   let example = formatter.formatToParts();
   console.log(example);
}
{ // example 2
   let formatter = new Intl.DateTimeFormat('hi');
   let example = formatter.formatToParts();
   console.log(example);
}

Better would be to map a format array to resultant strings:

function join(date, options, separator) {
   function format(option) {
      let formatter = new Intl.DateTimeFormat('en', option);
      return formatter.format(date);
   }
   return options.map(format).join(separator);
}

let options = [{day: 'numeric'}, {month: 'short'}, {year: 'numeric'}];
let joined = join(new Date, options, '-');
console.log(joined);

You can also pull out the parts of a DateTimeFormat one-by-one using DateTimeFormat#format, but note that when using this method, as of March 2020, there is a bug in the ECMAScript implementation when it comes to leading zeros on minutes and seconds (this bug is circumvented by the approach above).

let date = new Date(2010, 7, 5);
let year = new Intl.DateTimeFormat('en', { year: 'numeric' }).format(date);
let month = new Intl.DateTimeFormat('en', { month: 'short' }).format(date);
let day = new Intl.DateTimeFormat('en', { day: '2-digit' }).format(date);
console.log(`{month}-${year}`);

When working with dates and times, it is usually worth using a library (eg. luxon, date-fns, ~~moment.js~~ is not recommended for new projects) because of the many hidden complexities of the field.

Note that the ECMAScript Internationalization API, used in the solutions above is not supported in IE10 (0.03% global browser market share in Feb 2020).

Discussions

How get a date formatted like 2023-02-07 in JS?

You can do a quick and dirty format to yyyy-mm-dd with date.toISOString().slice(0, 10) More on reddit.com

r/webdev

March 13, 2023

JavaScript: how to convert a string to a formatted date?

You can check out the JavaScript Date object. You can create a Date object multiple ways, including passing in the exact string in your question: new Date('1977-04-22');. From there, the Date object has a few built in formatting functions like date.toDateString() which outputs Fri Apr 22 1977. (Be careful though. At the moment, for me it outputs 'Thu Apr 21 1977' since creating the date object with a string defaults to UTC time but the output is in my local timezone). https://css-tricks.com/everything-you-need-to-know-about-date-in-javascript/ and other Google results give more details about how to use the Date object. More on reddit.com

r/learnprogramming

May 21, 2020

[AskJS] Are there any JS libraries that will parse a date string and return a format string?

because almost everyone is more interested in just being able to parse the strings, not in getting out what format they were in Because it is not possible. What format is 09/09/09 01-01-01? Something could be done if you have multiple data entries with the same format, but even then if you are unlucky you wouldn't be able to determine it for sure. More on reddit.com

r/javascript

October 12, 2021

JavaScript has a built in "To ISO Date String" method for their date object. Why don't more software devs just use the built in function?

Because it doesn't just format the date, but also converts it to UTC More on reddit.com

r/ISO8601

136

July 22, 2021

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