You say these are key / value pairs. In that case, use #3: dictionary of key / value pairs.

If these are not key / value pairs, then don't call them "keys" and "values" and use #2, an array of dictionaries with arbitrary contents.

Structure #1 is just daft unless you need key / value pairs but also their order. Which you rarely do.

var object = {
    key1 : {
        name : 'xxxxxx',
        value : '100.0'
    },
    key2 : {
        name : 'yyyyyyy',
        value : '200.0'
    },
    key3 : {
        name : 'zzzzzz',
        value : '500.0'
    },
}

If thats how your object looks and you want to loop each name and value then I would try and do something like.

$.each(object,function(key,innerjson){
    /*
        key would be key1,key2,key3
        innerjson would be the name and value **
    */

    //Alerts and logging of the variable.
    console.log(innerjson); //should show you the value    
    alert(innerjson.name); //Should say xxxxxx,yyyyyy,zzzzzzz
});

First off, you're not dealing with a "JSON object." You're dealing with a JavaScript object. JSON is a textual notation, but if your example code works ([0].amount), you've already deserialized that notation into a JavaScript object graph. (What you've quoted isn't valid JSON at all; in JSON, the keys must be in double quotes. What you've quoted is a JavaScript object literal, which is a superset of JSON.)

Here, length of this array is 2.

No, it's 3.

So, i need to get the name (like amount or job... totally four name) and also to count how many names are there?

If you're using an environment that has full ECMAScript5 support, you can use Object.keys (spec | MDN) to get the enumerable keys for one of the objects as an array. If not (or if you just want to loop through them rather than getting an array of them), you can use for..in:

var entry;
var name;
entry = array[0];
for (name in entry) {
    // here, `name` will be "amount", "job", "month", then "year" (in no defined order)
}

Full working example:

(function() {
  
  var array = [
    {
      amount: 12185,
      job: "GAPA",
      month: "JANUARY",
      year: "2010"
    },
    {
      amount: 147421,
      job: "GAPA",
      month: "MAY",
      year: "2010"
    },
    {
      amount: 2347,
      job: "GAPA",
      month: "AUGUST",
      year: "2010"
    }
  ];
  
  var entry;
  var name;
  var count;
  
  entry = array[0];
  
  display("Keys for entry 0:");
  count = 0;
  for (name in entry) {
    display(name);
    ++count;
  }
  display("Total enumerable keys: " + count);

  // === Basic utility functions
  
  function display(msg) {
    var p = document.createElement('p');
    p.innerHTML = msg;
    document.body.appendChild(p);
  }
  
})();

Since you're dealing with raw objects, the above for..in loop is fine (unless someone has committed the sin of mucking about with Object.prototype, but let's assume not). But if the object you want the keys from may also inherit enumerable properties from its prototype, you can restrict the loop to only the object's own keys (and not the keys of its prototype) by adding a hasOwnProperty call in there:

for (name in entry) {
  if (entry.hasOwnProperty(name)) {
    display(name);
    ++count;
  }
}

Json returned from json.loads() behave just like native python lists/dictionaries:

import json

with open("your_json_file.txt", 'r') as f:
    data = json.loads(f.read()) #data becomes a dictionary

#do things with data here
data['ADDED_KEY'] = 'ADDED_VALUE'

#and then just write the data back on the file
with open("your_json_file.txt", 'w') as f:
    f.write(json.dumps(data, sort_keys=True, indent=4, separators=(',', ': ')))
#I added some options for pretty printing, play around with them!

For more info check out the official doc