The problem with your code is that you add your value to a new JsonObject (node), and not the one (root) that you've read in. So basically, you'll have to add it to root. But to be able to do that, you'll have to cast it to an ObjectNode, as JsonNode does not provide any methods to add to the node.

So, try something like the following:

ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
JsonNode root = mapper.readTree(new File("D://test.json"));
ObjectNode node = (ObjectNode) root;
node.with("addressDetails").put("pinCode", "414141");
mapper.writer().writeValue(new File("D:\\test.txt"), node);

Adding an answer as some others have upvoted in the comments of the accepted answer they are getting this exception when attempting to cast to ObjectNode (myself included):

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ClassCastException: 
com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.node.TextNode cannot be cast to com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.node.ObjectNode

The solution is to get the 'parent' node, and perform a put, effectively replacing the entire node, regardless of original node type.

If you need to "modify" the node using the existing value of the node:

1. get the value/array of the JsonNode
2. Perform your modification on that value/array
3. Proceed to call put on the parent.

Code, where the goal is to modify subfield, which is the child node of NodeA and Node1:

JsonNode nodeParent = someNode.get("NodeA")
                .get("Node1");

// Manually modify value of 'subfield', can only be done using the parent.
((ObjectNode) nodeParent).put('subfield', "my-new-value-here");

Credits:

I got this inspiration from here, thanks to wassgreen@

Here is the solution by "Josson & Jossons". I list 2 more examples with condition filtering.

https://github.com/octomix/josson

implementation 'com.octomix.josson:josson:1.3.22'

---------------------------------------------

Josson josson = Josson.fromJsonString(
    "[" +
    "  {" +
    "    \"item\": {" +
    "      \"type\": \"uri\", \"value\": \"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q42442324\"" +
    "    }," +
    "    \"prop\": {" +
    "      \"type\": \"uri\", \"value\": \"http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/P21\"" +
    "    }," +
    "    \"itemLabel\": {" +
    "      \"xml:lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"literal\", \"value\": \"Kiisu Miisu\"" +
    "    }" +
    "  }," +
    "  {" +
    "    \"item\": {" +
    "      \"type\": \"uri\", \"value\": \"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43260736\"" +
    "    }," +
    "    \"prop\": {" +
    "      \"type\": \"uri\", \"value\": \"http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/P21\"" +
    "    }," +
    "    \"itemLabel\": {" +
    "      \"xml:lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"literal\", \"value\": \"Paddles\"" +
    "    }" +
    "  }" +
    "]");

JsonNode node = josson.getNode("*.value");
System.out.println("1.\n" + node.toPrettyString());

node = josson.getNode("~'^item.*'.value");
System.out.println("2.\n" + node.toPrettyString());

node = josson.getNode("*[value.type='uri']*.value");
System.out.println("3.\n" + node.toPrettyString());

Output:

1.
[ "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q42442324", "http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/P21", "Kiisu Miisu", "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43260736", "http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/P21", "Paddles" ]
2.
[ "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q42442324", "Kiisu Miisu", "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43260736", "Paddles" ]
3.
[ "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q42442324", "http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/P21", "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43260736", "http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/P21" ]

I've recently found even more interesting way to create any ValueNode or ContainerNode (Jackson v2.3).

ObjectNode node = JsonNodeFactory.instance.objectNode();