1998 esoteric programming language
Malbolge_cat_program.png
Malbolge (/mælˈboʊldʒ/) is a public-domain esoteric programming language invented by Ben Olmstead in 1998, named after the eighth circle of hell in Dante's Inferno, the Malebolge. It was specifically designed to be … Wikipedia
Factsheet
Paradigm Esoteric, imperative, scalar, value-level
Designed by Ben Olmstead
Developer Ben Olmstead
Factsheet
Paradigm Esoteric, imperative, scalar, value-level
Designed by Ben Olmstead
Developer Ben Olmstead
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Wikipedia
en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Malbolge
Malbolge - Wikipedia
2 weeks ago - Malbolge (/mælˈboʊldʒ/) is a public-domain esoteric programming language invented by Ben Olmstead in 1998, named after the eighth circle of hell in Dante's Inferno, the Malebolge. It was specifically designed to be almost impossible to use, via a counter-intuitive "crazy operation", base-three ...
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Esolang
esolangs.org › wiki › Malbolge
Malbolge - Esolang
November 13, 2025 - Malbolge, invented by Ben Olmstead in 1998, is an esoteric programming language designed to be as difficult to program in as possible. The first "Hello, world!" program written in it was produced by a Lisp program using a local beam search of the space of all possible programs.
Discussions

Does anyone know a good MALBOLGE tutorial?
Malbolge is a language designed to be almost impossible to write a program in. It took two years after the language was developed for the first program to be written in it, and that program was developed with the aid of computer search . Writing Malbolge is more cryptanalysis than programming. There is some information here . More on reddit.com
🌐 r/learnprogramming
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February 8, 2016
TIL Malbolge, a programming language named after the eighth circle of hell in Dante's Inferno, was specifically designed to be almost impossible to use, via base-three arithmetic and self-altering code. It took two years for the first Malbolge program to appear.
Hello world: (=<`#9]~6ZY32Vx/4Rs+0No-&Jk)"Fh}|Bcy?`=*z]Kw%oG4UUS0/@-ejc(:'8dc Cat: (=BA#9"=<;:3y7x54-21q/p-,+*)"!h%B0/. ~P< <:(8& 66#"!~}|{zyxwvu gJ% More on reddit.com
🌐 r/todayilearned
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October 13, 2020
TIL about Malbolge, a programming language designed to be nearly impossible to use. It took 2 years for the first program to appear and its author has never written a program with it.
Hello, World! (=<`:9876Z4321UT.-Q+*)M'&%$H"!~}|Bzy?=|{z]KwZY44Eq0/{mlk** hKs_dG5[m_BA{?-Y;;Vb'rR5431M}/.zHGwEDCBA@98\6543W10/.R,+O< More on reddit.com
🌐 r/todayilearned
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15200
October 12, 2023
What's the most confusing programming language, that leaves even the most experienced programmers baffled?
The most confusing programming language that wasn't designed to be intentionally confusing is probably APL, primarily because it uses special characters but also because it uses multidimensional arrays as its primary datatype. For example, this is a line of APL code taken from the wikipedia page: life ← {⊃1 ⍵ ∨.∧ 3 4 = +/ +⌿ ¯1 0 1 ∘.⊖ ¯1 0 1 ⌽¨ ⊂⍵} Back in the early 80s my dad worked with a guy who wrote all his components in APL. He even had a special keyboard so he could type the special characters more easily. More on reddit.com
🌐 r/learnprogramming
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October 13, 2023
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Reddit
reddit.com › r/todayilearned › til about malbolge, a programming language designed to be nearly impossible to use. it took 2 years for the first program to appear and its author has never written a program with it.
r/todayilearned on Reddit: TIL about Malbolge, a programming language designed to be nearly impossible to use. It took 2 years for the first program to appear and its author has never written a program with it.
October 12, 2023 - Malbolge exists to settle an old argument in computer science. It goes something like this: Coder1: "programming language A is better than language B because language A is easier to write and has features that make it easier to use so i can make stuff in A i couldnt make in B"
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Medium
justinohms.medium.com › arcane-programming-malbolge-baea9691e21
Arcane Programming: Malbolge. My journey into the world of esoteric… | by Justin Ohms | Medium
June 26, 2023 - Created to be nearly impossible to use, Malbolge was designed with a slew of counter-intuitive design decisions, a ‘crazy operation’, base-three arithmetic, and self-altering code. Its creation was meant to one-up the difficulty of other challenging esoteric languages, such as Brainfuck and Befunge. I was not really surprised to discover that it took two years for the first Malbolge program to be written.
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Lutter
lutter.cc › malbolge › tutorial › cat.html
Malbolge Tutorial – lutter.cc
With this technique, the programmer ... writes the required values into the corresponding memory cells. There exist two assembly languages for Malbolge: HeLL and LAL....
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Quora
quora.com › What-is-the-Malbolge-programming-language-used-for
What is the Malbolge programming language used for? - Quora
Malbolge is an esolang in the vein of “The Compiler Language with no Interesting Acronym” (INTERCAL) — it is a Turing Complete language and can be used to write programs, but its intended use is to be almost impossible to write a program ...
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DEV Community
dev.to › viz-x › malbolge-the-programming-language-designed-to-be-impossible-1bl7
🔥 Malbolge — The Programming Language Designed To Be Impossible - DEV Community
November 27, 2025 - Malbolge is an esoteric programming language created by Ben Olmstead in 1998. It is widely considered one of the hardest and most unreadable programming languages ever made. The language was intentionally designed to be confusing, unpredictable, ...
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Programmer's Wiki
code.fandom.com › wiki › Malbolge
Malbolge | Programmer's Wiki | Fandom
Malbolge is an esoteric programming language that tests the limits of computing. A variant is Dis, which is like Malbolge but closer to painful instead of humanly impossible. Malbolge was created in 1998 by Ben Olmstead.
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GitHub
github.com › return › malbolge
GitHub - return/malbolge: A Malbolge implementation and interpreter in Rust. · GitHub
It's more esoteric than Brainfu*k and it is even harder to read and write than its friend Befunge. Malbolge is a self-modifying programming language that is made to be deliberately difficult to program in and close to impossible to read.
Starred by 32 users
Forked by 2 users
Languages   Rust
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Progopedia
progopedia.com › language › malbolge
Malbolge - Programming language
Malbolge (named after eights circle of hell in Dante’s Inferno, where fraudsters are punished) is an esoteric programming language.
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Docs.rs
docs.rs › crate › malbolge › latest
malbolge 1.0.1 - Docs.rs
What you are looking at is a language ... to read and write than its friend Befunge. Malbolge is a self-modifying programming language that is made to be deliberately difficult to program in and close to impossible to read....
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GitHub
github.com › kspalaiologos › malbolge-lisp
GitHub - iczelia/malbolge-lisp: A lightweight (350MB) Lisp interpreter in Malbolge Unshackled, often dubbed the hardest turing complete programming language. · GitHub
Malbolge is a public domain esoteric programming language. It was specifically designed to be almost impossible to use, via a counter-intuitive 'crazy operation', trinary arithmetic, and self-modifying code.
Starred by 535 users
Forked by 10 users
Languages   TeX 98.0% | C 2.0%
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Esolang
esolangs.org › wiki › Malbolge_programming
Malbolge programming - Esolang
One of the examples is a cat program that halts on EOF. Let's consider the example above and introduce labels for data pointers. ... We just introduced a Malbolge assembly language and got rid of absolute positions for code or data sections. Thus, the code above can be extended easily.
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Lscheffer
lscheffer.com › malbolge.shtml
Programming in Malbolge - Scheffer
April 17, 2015 - A copy of the original site was archived at http://web.archive.org/web/20000815230017/http:/www.mines.edu/students/b/bolmstea/malbolge/ The language specification copied from the original site: Malbolge language specification The reference interpreter copied from the original site: Malbolge Interpreter. Note: Where the spec and the interpreter differ (for example, the spec calls '<' an INPUT instruction and '/' an OUPUT, but the interpreter does the opposite), in this work the interpreter is held to be correct. Although the language had been out since 1998, for many years the most complex known programs was 'hello, world', available in several versions.
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Academic Kids
academickids.com › encyclopedia › index.php › Malbolge
Malbolge - Academic Kids
Malbolge is a public domain programming language invented by Ben Olmstead in 1998, named after the eighth circle of hell in Dante's Inferno, the Malebolge.
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Grokipedia
grokipedia.com › malbolge
Malbolge — Grokipedia
January 17, 2026 - Malbolge was created by Ben Olmstead in 1998 as an esoteric programming language explicitly designed to be the most difficult to program in among its contemporaries.[1] Olmstead conceived the language in a single afternoon, selecting ternary ...
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LiveJournal
sarahs-muse.livejournal.com › 978567.html
Malbolge - most difficult programming language ever?: sarahs_muse — LiveJournal
Malbolge is a public domain esoteric programming language invented by Ben Olmstead in 1998, named after the eighth circle of hell in Dante's Inferno, the Malebolge. The peculiarity of Malbolge is that it was designed to be the most difficult ...
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Nagoya-u
trs.css.i.nagoya-u.ac.jp › projects › Malbolge
Malbolge
Malbolge is one of most esoteric programming languages designed by Ben Olmstead in 1998.
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Programminglanguages
programminglanguages.info › language › malbolge
Malbolge Programming Language Information & Resources • programminglanguages.info
Malbolge is a public domain esoteric programming language invented by Ben Olmstead in 1998, named after the eighth circle of hell in Dante's Inferno, the Malebolge. It was specifically designed to be almost impossible to use, via a counter-intuitive ...