As all questions of this type, engineering varies so wildly there is no one answer. My math is all handled easily by Excel. More on reddit.com

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Matlab for sure, it’s a much more widely used tool in industry. More on reddit.com

Besides, do you think that Python has, from a purely pedagogical point of view, an edge with respect to C and Matlab? Yes, for three reasons: Python is enormously popular. Python has an enormous community of tutorials, examples, and help forums and this is, in my opinion, the single most important criterion for choosing a platform for pedagogical use. The students will be able to get help online easily, and because python is so popular in other fields they'll have common ground for discussion/learning with their friends. Students learn a lot from one another so you really want this. Python is a self-respecting programming language. Matlab is extremely weird in how it handles classes and data structures. By learning with python the students will be learning how real programming languages work. Python and associated libraries are free. This means that the students can go home and put it on their personal machines to play around. This is important for pedagogical situations; you want to take away all possible barriers in front of the students tinkering on their own time. The one place where Matlab beats python is that it might be more relevant to what the students will do in their professional lives after university. This is important and must be considered. However, you asked about pedagogical aspects, so in that sense I really think python wins by a lot. More on reddit.com