The path to hell is paved with premature optimization... As a beginner in python, focus on your program and what is supposed to do, once it is doing it too slowly you can ask focused questions about how to make it do it faster. I would stick with learning python's intrinsic data structures for managing your objects. You can implement your algorithms using using numpy arrays with standard data types if you are doing large array operations. Once you have some working code you can do performance testing to determine where you need optimization.

Numpy does allow you to create arrays of objects, and I will give you enough rope to hang yourself with below, but creating an ecosystem of tools to operate on those arrays of objects is not a trivial undertaking. You should first work with python data structures (buy Beazley's essential python reference), then with numpy's built in types, then creating your own compound numpy types. As a last resort, use the object type from the example below.

Good luck!

David

import numpy

class Atom(object):
    def atoms_method(self, foo, bar):
        #...with foo and bar being arrays of Paramsof length m & n
        atom_out = foo + bar
        return atom_out


array = numpy.ndarray((10,),dtype=numpy.object)

for i in xrange(10):
    array[i] = Atom()

for i in xrange(10):
    print array[i].atoms_method(i, 5)
Answer from David on Stack Overflow
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NumPy
numpy.org › doc › stable › reference › arrays.classes.html
Standard array subclasses — NumPy v2.5 Manual
Subclasses inherit a default implementation of this method, which transforms the array into a new instance of the object’s class. Subclasses may opt to use this method to transform the output array into an instance of the subclass and update metadata before returning the array to the user. NumPy may also call this function without a context from non-ufuncs to allow preserving subclass information.
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NumPy
numpy.org › doc › stable › user › absolute_beginners.html
NumPy: the absolute basics for beginners — NumPy v2.5 Manual
A three-dimensional array would be like a set of tables, perhaps stacked as though they were printed on separate pages. In NumPy, this idea is generalized to an arbitrary number of dimensions, and so the fundamental array class is called ndarray: it represents an “N-dimensional array”.
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NumPy
numpy.org › devdocs › reference › arrays.classes.html
Standard array subclasses — NumPy v2.5.dev0 Manual
Subclasses inherit a default implementation of this method, which transforms the array into a new instance of the object’s class. Subclasses may opt to use this method to transform the output array into an instance of the subclass and update metadata before returning the array to the user. NumPy may also call this function without a context from non-ufuncs to allow preserving subclass information.
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NumPy
numpy.org › doc › 2.1 › reference › arrays.classes.html
Standard array subclasses — NumPy v2.1 Manual
Subclasses inherit a default implementation of this method, which transforms the array into a new instance of the object’s class. Subclasses may opt to use this method to transform the output array into an instance of the subclass and update metadata before returning the array to the user. NumPy may also call this function without a context from non-ufuncs to allow preserving subclass information.
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NumPy
numpy.org › doc › stable › reference › arrays.html
Array objects — NumPy v2.5 Manual
An item extracted from an array, e.g., by indexing, is represented by a Python object whose type is one of the array scalar types built in NumPy.
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NumPy
numpy.org › doc › 2.3 › reference › arrays.classes.html
Standard array subclasses — NumPy v2.3 Manual
Subclasses inherit a default implementation of this method, which transforms the array into a new instance of the object’s class. Subclasses may opt to use this method to transform the output array into an instance of the subclass and update metadata before returning the array to the user. NumPy may also call this function without a context from non-ufuncs to allow preserving subclass information.
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NumPy
numpy.org › doc › 2.2 › reference › arrays.classes.html
Standard array subclasses — NumPy v2.2 Manual
Subclasses inherit a default implementation of this method, which transforms the array into a new instance of the object’s class. Subclasses may opt to use this method to transform the output array into an instance of the subclass and update metadata before returning the array to the user. NumPy may also call this function without a context from non-ufuncs to allow preserving subclass information.
Find elsewhere
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NumPy
numpy.org › doc › stable › reference › generated › numpy.array.html
numpy.array — NumPy v2.5 Manual
If True, then sub-classes will be passed-through, otherwise the returned array will be forced to be a base-class array (default). ... Specifies the minimum number of dimensions that the resulting array should have. Ones will be prepended to the shape as needed to meet this requirement. ... Specifies the maximum number of dimensions to create when inferring shape from nested sequences. By default (ndmax=0), NumPy recurses through all nesting levels (up to the compile-time constant NPY_MAXDIMS).
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Towards Data Science
towardsdatascience.com › home › latest › wrapping numpy’s arrays
Wrapping numpy's arrays | Towards Data Science
March 5, 2025 - The container approach for using numpy arrays consists in setting arrays as attribute in your custom class instances (as opposed to subclassing arrays).
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NumPy
numpy.org › devdocs › user › quickstart.html
NumPy quickstart — NumPy v2.6.dev0 Manual
NumPy’s array class is called ndarray. It is also known by the alias array. Note that numpy.array is not the same as the Standard Python Library class array.array, which only handles one-dimensional arrays and offers less functionality.
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NumPy
numpy.org › doc › stable › user › basics.subclassing.html
Subclassing ndarray — NumPy v2.5 Manual
View casting is the standard ndarray mechanism by which you take an ndarray of any subclass, and return a view of the array as another (specified) subclass: >>> import numpy as np >>> # create a completely useless ndarray subclass >>> class C(np.ndarray): pass >>> # create a standard ndarray >>> arr = np.zeros((3,)) >>> # take a view of it, as our useless subclass >>> c_arr = arr.view(C) >>> type(c_arr) <class '__main__.C'>
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NumPy
numpy.org › doc › stable › user › quickstart.html
NumPy quickstart — NumPy v2.5 Manual
NumPy’s array class is called ndarray. It is also known by the alias array. Note that numpy.array is not the same as the Standard Python Library class array.array, which only handles one-dimensional arrays and offers less functionality.
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NumPy
numpy.org › devdocs › reference › generated › numpy.array.html
numpy.array — NumPy v2.6.dev0 Manual
If True, then sub-classes will ... a base-class array (default). ... Specifies the minimum number of dimensions that the resulting array should have. Ones will be prepended to the shape as needed to meet this requirement. ... Specifies the maximum number of dimensions to create when inferring shape from nested sequences. By default (ndmax=0), NumPy recurses through ...
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NumPy
numpy.org › doc › 2.4 › reference › arrays.html
Array objects — NumPy v2.4 Manual
An item extracted from an array, e.g., by indexing, is represented by a Python object whose type is one of the array scalar types built in NumPy.
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NumPy
numpy.org › doc › 2.1 › reference › arrays.html
Array objects — NumPy v2.1 Manual
An item extracted from an array, e.g., by indexing, is represented by a Python object whose type is one of the array scalar types built in NumPy.
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NumPy
numpy.org › doc › stable › reference › generated › numpy.ndarray.html
numpy.ndarray — NumPy v2.5 Manual
No __init__ method is needed because the array is fully initialized after the __new__ method. ... Try it in your browser! These examples illustrate the low-level ndarray constructor. Refer to the See Also section above for easier ways of constructing an ndarray. ... >>> import numpy as np >>> np.ndarray(shape=(2,2), dtype=np.float64, order='F') array([[0.0e+000, 0.0e+000], # random [ nan, 2.5e-323]])
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W3Schools
w3schools.com › python › numpy › numpy_creating_arrays.asp
NumPy Creating Arrays
NumPy is used to work with arrays. The array object in NumPy is called ndarray.
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TutorialsPoint
tutorialspoint.com › numpy › numpy_ndarray_object.htm
NumPy - Ndarray Object
An instance of ndarray class can be constructed by different array creation routines. The basic ndarray is created using the array() function in NumPy.
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NumPy
numpy.org › doc › 2.3 › reference › generated › numpy.ndarray.html
numpy.ndarray — NumPy v2.3 Manual
class numpy.ndarray(shape, dtype=float, buffer=None, offset=0, strides=None, order=None)[source]# An array object represents a multidimensional, homogeneous array of fixed-size items.