The internal workings are not that different, as @James Allardic already answered. There is a difference though. Using parseFloat, a (trimmed) string starting with one or more numeric characters followed by alphanumeric characters can convert to a Number, with Number that will not succeed. As in:
parseFloat('3.23abc'); //=> 3.23
Number('3.23abc'); //=> NaN
In both conversions, the input string is trimmed, by the way:
parseFloat(' 3.23abc '); //=> 3.23
Number(' 3.23 '); //=> 3.23
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The internal workings are not that different, as @James Allardic already answered. There is a difference though. Using parseFloat, a (trimmed) string starting with one or more numeric characters followed by alphanumeric characters can convert to a Number, with Number that will not succeed. As in:
parseFloat('3.23abc'); //=> 3.23
Number('3.23abc'); //=> NaN
In both conversions, the input string is trimmed, by the way:
parseFloat(' 3.23abc '); //=> 3.23
Number(' 3.23 '); //=> 3.23
No. Both will result in the internal ToNumber(string) function being called.
From ES5 section 15.7.1 (The Number Constructor Called as a Function):
When
Numberis called as a function rather than as a constructor, it performs a type conversion...Returns a Number value (not a Number object) computed by
ToNumber(value)if value was supplied, else returns+0.
From ES5 section 15.1.2.3 (parseFloat (string)):
... If neither
trimmedStringnor any prefix oftrimmedStringsatisfies the syntax of aStrDecimalLiteral(see 9.3.1) ...
And 9.3.1 is the section titled "ToNumber Applied to the String Type", which is what the first quote is referring to when it says ToNumber(value).
Update (see comments)
By calling the Number constructor with the new operator, you will get an instance of the Number object, rather than a numeric literal. For example:
typeof new Number(10); //object
typeof Number(10); //number
This is defined in section 15.7.2 (The Number Constructor):
When
Numberis called as part of anewexpression it is a constructor: it initialises the newly created object.
parseInt("1.0") will be same as parseInt("1.1") parseFloat("1.0") will be different to parseFloat("1.1")
These functions are basically to parse string data to the relative format so according to the conditions we can use them
The parseInt() function parses a string argument and returns an integer of the specified radix (the base in mathematical numeral systems).
The parseFloat() function parses an argument and returns a floating point number.
console.log(parseInt("1.11"))
console.log(parseFloat("1.11"))