In array_search() we can read:

If needle is found in haystack more than once, the first matching key is returned. To return the keys for all matching values, use array_keys() with the optional search_value parameter instead.

Boring solution using a foreach loop:

function get_in_array( string $needle, array $haystack, string $column){
    $matches = [];
    foreach( $haystack as $item )  if( $item[ $column ] === $needle )  $matches[] = $item;
    return $matches;
}

Using array_filter:

function get_in_array( string $needle, array $haystack, string $column ){
    return array_filter( $haystack, function( $item )use( $needle, $column ){
      return $item[ $column ] === $needle;
    });
}

In addition to p.w.s.g's answer (which seems fine):

If you have lots of values you need to find, you can use a hash:

// the values go into keys of the array
$needles = array('value1' => 1, 'value2' => 1, 'value3' => 1);
$haystack = array('test', 'value1', 'etc');

// only go through the array once
$found = false;
foreach($haystack as $data) {
   if (isset($needles[$data])) {
       $found = true; break;
   }
 }

It's worth doing this if you search $haystack a lot of times.

Searching the array for multiple values corresponds to the set operations (set difference and intersection), as you will see below.

I also provide usage examples that clearly demonstrate both options.

ALL needles exist

Copyfunction in_array_all(array $needles, array $haystack): bool {
    return array_diff($needles, $haystack) === [];
}

$animals = ["bear", "tiger", "zebra"];
in_array_all(["bear", "zebra"], $animals); // true, both are animals
in_array_all(["bear", "toaster"], $animals); // false, toaster is not an animal

ANY of the needles exist

Copyfunction in_array_any(array $needles, array $haystack): bool {
    return array_intersect($needles, $haystack) !== [];
}

$animals = ["bear", "tiger", "zebra"];
in_array_any(["toaster", "tiger"], $animals); // true, tiger is an amimal
in_array_any(["toaster", "brush"], $animals); // false, no animals here

Important consideration

If the set of needles you are searching for is small and known upfront, your code might be clearer if you just use the logical chaining of in_array calls, for example:

Copy$animals = getAllAnimals();
$all = in_array("tiger", $animals) && in_array("toaster", $animals) && ...
$any = in_array("bear", $animals) || in_array("zebra", $animals) || ...

If you are using (PHP 5 >= 5.5.0) you don't have to write your own function to do this, just write this line and it's done.

If you want just one result:

$key = array_search(40489, array_column($userdb, 'uid'));

For multiple results

$keys = array_keys(array_column($userdb, 'uid'), 40489);

In case you have an associative array as pointed in the comments you could make it with:

single result :

$key = array_search(40489, array_combine(array_keys($userdb), array_column($userdb, 'uid')))

Multiple results :

$keys = array_keys(array_combine(array_keys($userdb), array_column($userdb, 'uid')),40489);

If you are using PHP < 5.5.0, you can use this backport, thanks ramsey!

Update: I've been making some simple benchmarks and the multiple results form seems to be the fastest one, even faster than the Jakub custom function!

I ended up doing the following. It's not pretty, but works very well. For anyone reading, feel free to update with a DRYer answer:

// Variables for this example
$carrier = 'Verizon';
$model = 'Droid X2';
$manufacturer = 'Motorola';

// The foreach loop goes through each key/value of $list_of_phones and checks
// if the given value is found in that particular array. If it is, it then checks
// a second parameter (model), and so on.
foreach ($list_of_phones as $key => $object)
{
    if ( array_search($carrier, $object) )
    {
        if ( array_search($model, $object) )
        {
            if ( array_search($manufacturer, $object) )
            {
                // Return the phone from the $list_of_phones array
                $phone = $list_of_phones[$key];
            }
        }
    }
}

Works like a charm.

You can build your search query as an array and compare the intersection of each item with it.

$search = ['score' => '50', 'name' => 'Bob'];

foreach($data_info_array as $k => $v) {
    if ( $search === array_intersect($v, $search) ) {
        echo $k;
        break;
    }
}

@mickmackusa noticed it is safer to use array_intersect_assoc() here. He's right because when the multi-dimensional array items are unpredictable, nothing forbids to have items like that:

['miaou' => '50', 'graou' => 'Bob', 'score' => '50', 'name' => 'Bob']

where the searched values are also present but for other keys. In this case array_intersect() returns all correct values (with their corresponding keys of course) regardless the keys in $search, and the comparison with the search array will return false.

But using array_intersect_assoc(), you ensure that only values for keys in $search are taken in account.

Conclusion: If you let yourself be lulled into sleep by the seeming monotony of multidimensional array items, you won't be immune to surprise when unexpected variations arise.