February 18, 2024 - The less commonly seen secondary ... or hypothalamus function. The most prevalent etiology of primary hypothyroidism is an iodine deficiency in iodine-deficient geographic areas worldwide....

Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disorder resulting from deficiency of thyroid hormone. It usually is a primary process in which the thyroid gland is unable to produce sufficient amounts of thyroid hormone.

3 days ago - Hypothyroidism is caused by inadequate function of the gland itself (primary hypothyroidism), inadequate stimulation by thyroid-stimulating hormone from the pituitary gland (secondary hypothyroidism), or inadequate release of thyrotropin-releasing hormone from the brain's hypothalamus (tertiary ...

May 15, 2021 - Hypothyroidism occurs when there is inadequate thyroid hormone production by the thyroid gland or insufficient stimulation by the hypothalamus or pituitary gland. Causes may include primary gland failure or can be iatrogenic, transient, or central ...

March 15, 2015 - Author disclosure: Birte Nygaard ... of hypothyroidism. Primary hypothyroidism is defined as low levels of blood thyroid hormone due to destruction of the thyroid gland....

Hypothyroidism may also occur rarely (<1 percent of cases) as a result of deficiency of TRH or impaired TSH secretion due to hypothalamic or pituitary disease, respectively. This is known as secondary or central hypothyroidism because of the negative feedback relationship between serum T4 and T3 levels and TSH secretion. As noted earlier and shown in Figure 2-1, people with primary hypothyroidism have high serum TSH levels.

Primary hypothyroidism usually presents with nonspecific symptoms of fatigue, depression, constipation, and mild weight gain; physical exam may show dry skin, eyelid edema, and bradycardia. Elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone and low free thyroxine confirms diagnosis of overt primary hypothyroid...

June 10, 2022 - Overt primary hypothyroidism is defined as elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentration in combination with free thyroxine (fT4) concentration below the reference range.

September 11, 2025 - Left untreated over long periods ... to get an evaluation. ... Primary hypothyroidism directly impacts your thyroid and causes it to make low levels of thyroid hormones....

June 5, 2024 - Hypothyroidism occurs at any age ... Hypothyroidism may be ... Primary hypothyroidism is due to decreased secretion of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) from the thyroid....

August 16, 2019 - In primary hypothyroidism, your thyroid is being stimulated properly. However, it isn’t able to produce enough thyroid hormones for your body to function properly.

December 10, 2022 - Understand what happens when your thyroid is underactive and learn about treatment for this condition.

Clinical (overt) hypothyroidism ... dysfunction. Primary hypothyroidism occurs after destruction of the thyroid gland because of autoimmunity (the most common cause), or medical intervention such as surgery, radioiodine, and radiation....

January 6, 2023 - Thyroid hormone is necessary for ... intellectual disability [1]. A condition known as hypothyroidism occurs when the thyroid gland is unable to produce enough thyroid hormone to meet the needs of peripheral tissues....

The most common cause of acquired ... pathophysiology of hypothyroidism is characterized mainly by a reduction of the basal metabolic rate and generalized myxedema....

Involvement of pituitary gland or hypothalamus are usually observed in central hypothyroidism (Hippokratia 2010;14:82, J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2012;97:3068) Myxedema involves primarily bilateral pretibial areas (Am J Clin Dermatol 2005;6:295) Other sites include: cheeks, hands, supraclavicular fossae and soft tissue around the eyes (Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 2006;22:457 , Med J Aust 2003;179:211) Pathophysiology ·

Primary hypothyroidism is caused by a deficiency of T4, secondary hypothyroidism is caused by a deficiency of TSH, and peripheral hypothyroidism is caused by a deficiency of thyrotropin-releasing hormone. Secondary as well as tertiary hypothyroidism together constitute central hypothyroidism.

Hypothyroidism is a persistent insufficiency in thyroid hormone production leading to a generalized decrease in metabolic functions (Box 6-1). It is the most prevalent of the pathologic hormone deficiencies, and can reduce physical and mental functional ability, quality of life, and long-term health.2,8 Hypothyroidism is classified on the basis of onset (congenital or acquired), endocrine dysfunction level (primary, secondary, or tertiary), and severity, which is classified as overt (clinical) or mild (subclinical) hypothyroidism.8 The total frequency of hypothyroidism, including subclinical cases, among adult females from all age groups, ranges from 3.0% to 7.5%, with significantly higher rates in women over 60 years old.1 Hypothyroidism occurs at a rate approximately 10 times higher in women than men.9

Hypothyroidism can be primary or secondary. In primary hypothyroidism, the thyroid gland isn't working properly, because of an autoimmune disease like Hashimoto's thyroiditis, hyperthyroidism treatment, or a congenital defect.