I mean, they're both very advantageous, and have lots of job opportunities, though in different areas. Most Python jobs revolve around data science, AI, automation. Most Java jobs are back-ends for enterprise/large companies or enterprise related software, and legacy Android apps (I say legacy only because newer apps are most likely using Kotlin while Java is being used to maintain old apps). More on reddit.com

I'm not a heavy Python user, but I'd say these would be the top three. Java uses braces to identify blocks, while Python uses indentation: // Python if something: // do something, must be indented else: // do something else // Java if (something) { // do something } else { // do something else } Java also ends each statement with a semicolon, while Python does not. You'll notice this right away when comparing Java and Python code. 2) Java enforces variable types. In Python, this is OK: // Python i = 4 // i stores a number i = "four" // i stores a string In Java, it's not: // Java int i = 4; // i is declared to store only integers i = "four"; // will generate an error, since i must store integers 3) Python has built-in lists and maps (called dictionaries), while Java does not: // Python i = [1, 2, 4] // i is a list, and its size can change i.append(5) print(i) m = { 1: "test" } print(m) Pretty much anything with these built-in data structures works nicely right out of the box using Python. In contrast, in Java this looks like: // Java // Lists and maps require a ton of imports import java.util.List; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.Map; import java.util.HashMap; // And the overall syntax for using them is ... involved List i = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(1, 2, 4)); i.add(5); System.out.println(i); Map m = new HashMap<>(Map.of(1, "test")); System.out.println(m); (Sorry for all the edits. Reddit support for fenced code blocks is still really terrible, which makes providing code examples very frustrating.) More on reddit.com

Have you looked at Java for Python Programmers ? More on reddit.com

Python is really quite similar to Java in its ideology - it is cross-platform, similarly powerful API, OOP implementation, collections (lists, sets, dicts) - however at the syntax level it is significantly different. When you get used to Python syntax and specific features (lists comprehensions etc.) you will find that it resemble Java stronger than you thought at first glance. However remember that Python is purely scripting so it has all powers of script language and also significantly slower. Java is compiled to bytecode though it preserve some cool scripting-like features via reflection (and code generation). Also dynamic typing in Python makes some things easier and some harder. One of the bad things about Python is the existence of two significantly differing versions: 2nd and 3rd. Of them 2nd is more industrial-wide and 3rd is better in general sense of the language - more clear, more sane. Shortly concluding - it is always very good to know more languages and be able to judge their advantages and disadvantages, to choose instrument properly. More on reddit.com