you just OR them together

import ctypes

# buttons
MB_OK = 0x0
MB_OKCXL = 0x01
MB_YESNOCXL = 0x03
MB_YESNO = 0x04
MB_HELP = 0x4000

# icons
ICON_EXCLAIM = 0x30
ICON_INFO = 0x40
ICON_STOP = 0x10

result = ctypes.windll.user32.MessageBoxA(0, "Your text?", "Your title", MB_HELP | MB_YESNO | ICON_STOP)

I got the hex values from the documentation you linked to

import ctypes

text = 'Using MB_SYSTEMMODAL'
title = 'Some Title'

ctypes.windll.user32.MessageBoxW(0, text, title, 0x1000)

MB_SYSTEMMODAL (0x1000) has the WS_EX_TOPMOST (0x40000) style.

The MessageBoxEx function seems to work good with using just the WS_EX_TOPMOST (0x40000) style.

import ctypes

text = 'Using WS_EX_TOPMOST'
title = 'Some Title'

ctypes.windll.user32.MessageBoxExW(0, text, title, 0x40000)

The MessageBox function has no parameters to change size. Perhaps an alternative like tkinter or another gui toolkit might be able to change messagebox size (though it maybe not if it just a wrapper for MessageBoxW) or you could perhaps create a custom window to use.

See MSDN MessageBox function for values to use.

See also MSDN MessageBoxEx function.

Something like this with proper ctypes wrapping:

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import ctypes
from ctypes.wintypes import HWND, LPWSTR, UINT

_user32 = ctypes.WinDLL('user32', use_last_error=True)

_MessageBoxW = _user32.MessageBoxW
_MessageBoxW.restype = UINT  # default return type is c_int, this is not required
_MessageBoxW.argtypes = (HWND, LPWSTR, LPWSTR, UINT)

MB_OK = 0
MB_OKCANCEL = 1
MB_YESNOCANCEL = 3
MB_YESNO = 4

IDOK = 1
IDCANCEL = 2
IDABORT = 3
IDYES = 6
IDNO = 7


def MessageBoxW(hwnd, text, caption, utype):
    result = _MessageBoxW(hwnd, text, caption, utype)
    if not result:
        raise ctypes.WinError(ctypes.get_last_error())
    return result


def main():
    try:
        result = MessageBoxW(None, "text", "caption", MB_YESNOCANCEL)
        if result == IDYES:
            print("user pressed ok")
        elif result == IDNO:
            print("user pressed no")
        elif result == IDCANCEL:
            print("user pressed cancel")
        else:
            print("unknown return code")
    except WindowsError as win_err:
        print("An error occurred:\n{}".format(win_err))

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

See the documentation for MessageBox for the various value of the utype argument.

Using MB_SYSTEMMODAL worked to bring the window to the front.

import ctypes
from time import sleep

sleep(5) # for switching to another window
MB_SYSTEMMODAL = 0x00001000

ctypes.windll.user32.MessageBoxW(None, "This should be in top", "Very important message", MB_SYSTEMMODAL)

I always recommend using .argtypes and .restype to ensure parameters are marshaled correctly between Python and C and it allows ctypes to better error check parameters:

import ctypes as ct
import ctypes.wintypes as w
import time

dll = ct.WinDLL('user32', use_last_error=True)
dll.MessageBoxW.argtypes = w.HWND, w.LPCWSTR, w.LPCWSTR, w.UINT
dll.MessageBoxW.restype = ct.c_int

MB_SYSTEMMODAL = 0x00001000
IDOK = 1

print('Waiting...')
time.sleep(5)
result = dll.MessageBoxW(None, "This should be in top", "Very important message", MB_SYSTEMMODAL)
print(result == IDOK)

If you want a simple solution, use the PyMsgBox module. It uses Python's built-in tkinter library to create message boxes, including ones that let the user type a response. Install it with pip install pymsgbox.

The documentation is here: https://pymsgbox.readthedocs.org/

The code you want is:

>>> import pymsgbox
>>> returnValue = pymsgbox.prompt('Message box!', 'Title')

You could change count = count + 1 to count += 1 besides that, do you need to repeat messageBox = ctypes.windll.user32.MessageBoxA so much? If it doesn't change, couldn't you just have it once? You could also add variables to shorten repeated lines like making a variable called resetMsgBox and have it be: resetMsgBox = ctypes.windll.user32.MessageBoxA so it's easier to read by having messageBox = resetMsgBox every line instead, I suppose.