The solution that works for Sphinx is to prefix the reference with ~.

Per the Sphinx documentation on Cross-referencing Syntax,

If you prefix the content with ~, the link text will only be the last component of the target. For example, :py:meth:`~Queue.Queue.get` will refer to Queue.Queue.get but only display get as the link text.

So the answer is:

class MyClass():
    def foo(self):
        print 'foo'
    def bar(self):
        """This method does the same as :func:`~mymodule.MyClass.foo`"""
        print 'foo'

This results in an HTML looking like this : This method does the same as foo(), and foo() is a link.

However, note that this may not display in Spyder as a link.

It could look something like this:

def my_func(x):
  """prints x.
  :param x: string to print

  Example:
      >>> print(my_func(x))
      True
  """
  return True

Edit:

Here is an example from fastapi.exceptions.HttpException (Wayback Machine archive):

class HTTPException(StarletteHTTPException):
    """
    An HTTP exception you can raise in your own code to show errors to the client.

    This is for client errors, invalid authentication, invalid data, etc. Not for server
    errors in your code.

    Read more about it in the
    FastAPI docs for Handling Errors.

    ## Example

    ```python
    from fastapi import FastAPI, HTTPException

    app = FastAPI()

    items = {"foo": "The Foo Wrestlers"}


    @app.get("/items/{item_id}")
    async def read_item(item_id: str):
        if item_id not in items:
            raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Item not found")
        return {"item": items[item_id]}
    ```
    """

If you're using sphinx to generate your documentation

""" 

`here <url>`__

"""

in your docstrings should be parsed properly.