shape is a tuple that gives dimensions of the array..

>>> c = arange(20).reshape(5,4)
>>> c
array([[ 0,  1,  2,  3],
       [ 4,  5,  6,  7],
       [ 8,  9, 10, 11],
       [12, 13, 14, 15],
       [16, 17, 18, 19]])

c.shape[0] 
5

Gives the number of rows

c.shape[1] 
4

Gives number of columns

x[0].shape will give the Length of 1st row of an array. x.shape[0] will give the number of rows in an array. In your case it will give output 10. If you will type x.shape[1], it will print out the number of columns i.e 1024. If you would type x.shape[2], it will give an error, since we are working on a 2-d array and we are out of index. Let me explain you all the uses of 'shape' with a simple example by taking a 2-d array of zeros of dimension 3x4.

import numpy as np
#This will create a 2-d array of zeroes of dimensions 3x4
x = np.zeros((3,4))
print(x)
[[ 0.  0.  0.  0.]
[ 0.  0.  0.  0.]
[ 0.  0.  0.  0.]]

#This will print the First Row of the 2-d array
x[0]
array([ 0.,  0.,  0.,  0.])

#This will Give the Length of 1st row
x[0].shape
(4,)

#This will Give the Length of 2nd row, verified that length of row is showing same 
x[1].shape
(4,)

#This will give the dimension of 2-d Array 
x.shape
(3, 4)

# This will give the number of rows is 2-d array 
x.shape[0]
3

# This will give the number of columns is 2-d array 
x.shape[1]
3

# This will give the number of columns is 2-d array 
x.shape[1]
4

# This will give an error as we have a 2-d array and we are asking value for an index 
out of range
x.shape[2]
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
IndexError                                Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-20-4b202d084bc7> in <module>()
----> 1 x.shape[2]

IndexError: tuple index out of range

It is an empty array that is supposed to be filled in the near future, so the idea is to give your intention of its use. If your use for this array is to store 10 values that represent some metric, you define it as:

np.zeros((0, 10))

instead of empty dimensions with a comment (which are more vulnerable):

np.zeros(0) # This will store 10 values

So at the end of the day, the point is just to make your code more readable with clear intentions for the reader that can your future self.

It can be done by np.empty((0,2)) or np.zeros((0,2)).

np.empty(), unlike np.zeros(), does not set the array values to zero and it is slightly faster.

Extra information: In your code np.array([]).shape outputs a rank-1 array which is equal to its transpose.