Some common synonyms of special are especial, individual, particular, and specific. While all these words mean "of or relating to one thing or class," special stresses having a quality, character, identity, or use of its own.

// special ingredients

The meanings of especial and special largely overlap; however, especial may add implications of preeminence or preference.

// a matter of especial importance

Although the words specific and special have much in common, specific implies a quality or character distinguishing a kind or a species.

// children with specific nutritional needs