If you have ids in both tables, the following works:

update table2
    set value = (select value from table1 where table1.id = table2.id)

Perhaps a better approach is a join:

update table2
    set value = table1.value
    from table1
    where table1.id = table2.id

Note that this syntax works in SQL Server but may be different in other databases.

You can accomplish it with INSERT as below:

INSERT INTO mytable (id, a, b, c)
VALUES (1, 'a1', 'b1', 'c1'),
(2, 'a2', 'b2', 'c2'),
(3, 'a3', 'b3', 'c3'),
(4, 'a4', 'b4', 'c4'),
(5, 'a5', 'b5', 'c5'),
(6, 'a6', 'b6', 'c6')
ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE id=VALUES(id),
a=VALUES(a),
b=VALUES(b),
c=VALUES(c);

This insert new values into table, but if primary key is duplicated (already inserted into table) that values you specify would be updated and same record would not be inserted second time.

You stated that the order of the matching matters but it seems like you don't have anything to ORDER BY in table 1 to create a guaranteed order to match the other table and there is no way in SQL Server to order the rows after insertion date, because information about that is not stored. With this in mind it’s not possible to do a matching with the result you want. There is a solution to update the rows with an arbitrary match within each id. If that would be good enough.

UPDATE t 
SET    t.[date] = tt.[date] 
FROM   (SELECT *, 
               Row_number() 
                 OVER ( 
                   partition BY id 
                   ORDER BY [date]) AS rno 
        FROM   Table1) AS t 
       INNER JOIN (SELECT *, 
                          Row_number() 
                            OVER ( 
                              partition BY id 
                              ORDER BY [date]) AS rno 
                   FROM   Table2) AS tt 
               ON t.id = tt.id 
                  AND t.rno = tt.rno 

This solution will match all rows individually but can't guarantee the order.

DB Fiddle

An example of how this can be done (see SQLFiddle here):

(p.s. I used a CTE (aka the WITH clause) and PostgreSQL (I don't use MS SQL Server) but the principles are very much the same - except for the SERIAL datatype - use MS's auto-incrementing type!).

Create and populate a source table (named one):

CREATE TABLE one
(
  record_id SERIAL,
  one_first_var INTEGER,
  one_second_var INTEGER,
  one_third_var INTEGER
);

INSERT INTO one (one_first_var, one_second_var, one_third_var) VALUES (1, 1, 1);
INSERT INTO one (one_first_var, one_second_var, one_third_var) VALUES (2, 2, 2);
INSERT INTO one (one_first_var, one_second_var, one_third_var) VALUES (3, 3, 3);

And also a target table (two):

CREATE TABLE two
(
  record_id SERIAL,
  two_first_var INTEGER,
  two_second_var INTEGER,
  two_third_var INTEGER
);

INSERT INTO two (two_first_var, two_second_var, two_third_var) VALUES (21, 21, 21);
INSERT INTO two (two_first_var, two_second_var, two_third_var) VALUES (22, 22, 22);
INSERT INTO two (two_first_var, two_second_var, two_third_var) VALUES (23, 23, 23);

(double check your values in table two):

SELECT * FROM two;

And then run your update (multiple columns at a time):

WITH my_values AS
(
  SELECT 
         one_first_var, 
         one_second_var, 
         one_third_var
  FROM one
  WHERE one_first_var = 2
)
UPDATE two 
SET 
  two_first_var = my_values.one_first_var,
  two_second_var = my_values.one_second_var,
  two_third_var = my_values.one_third_var
FROM
  my_values
WHERE
  two_second_var = 22;

And then re-run your

SELECT * FROM two;

Again, see the SQLFiddle!

You can also use a JOIN to update the target record(s). I would encourage you to experiment with these techniques - very useful!

Your first result for two (i.e. inserted values) will look like this:

record_id   two_first_var   two_second_var  two_third_var
        1              21               21             21
        2              22               22             22
        3              23               23             23

and your second (updated) result will be:

record_id   two_first_var   two_second_var  two_third_var
        2               2                2              2
        1              21               21             21
        3              23               23             23

You can use:

UPDATE s SET
  s.Field1 = q.Field1,
  s.Field2 = q.Field2,
  (list of fields...)
FROM (
  SELECT Field1, Field2, (list of fields...)
  FROM ProfilerTest.dbo.BookingDetails 
  WHERE MyID=@MyID
) q
WHERE s.MyID2=@ MyID2