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How do I properly compare strings in C?

stackoverflow.com › questions › 8004237 › how-do-i-properly-compare-strings-in-c

You can't (usefully) compare strings using != or ==, you need to use strcmp:

while (strcmp(check,input) != 0)

The reason for this is because != and == will only compare the base addresses of those strings. Not the contents of the strings themselves.

Answer from Mysticial on Stack Overflow

stackoverflow.com › questions › 8004237 › how-do-i-properly-compare-strings-in-c

How do I properly compare strings in C? - Stack Overflow

You can't (usefully) compare strings using != or ==, you need to use strcmp:

while (strcmp(check,input) != 0)

The reason for this is because != and == will only compare the base addresses of those strings. Not the contents of the strings themselves.

Ok a few things: gets is unsafe and should be replaced with fgets(input, sizeof(input), stdin) so that you don't get a buffer overflow.

Next, to compare strings, you must use strcmp, where a return value of 0 indicates that the two strings match. Using the equality operators (ie. !=) compares the address of the two strings, as opposed to the individual chars inside them.

And also note that, while in this example it won't cause a problem, fgets stores the newline character, '\n' in the buffers also; gets() does not. If you compared the user input from fgets() to a string literal such as "abc" it would never match (unless the buffer was too small so that the '\n' wouldn't fit in it).

programiz.com › c-programming › library-function › string.h › strcmp

C strcmp() - C Standard Library

#include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> int main() { char str1[] = "abcd", str2[] = "abCd", str3[] = "abcd"; int result; // comparing strings str1 and str2 result = strcmp(str1, str2); printf("strcmp(str1, str2) = %d\n", result); // comparing strings str1 and str3 result = strcmp(str1, str3); ...

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People also ask

How do we compare a substring of a string in C?

To compare a substring in C, you can use `strncmp()`, which compares a specified number of characters from two strings. Another method involves manually iterating through the desired portion of the string and comparing it character by character. Ensure that the substring is of the same length for a valid comparison.

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String Comparison in C: Methods & Examples

What is string comparison in C?

String comparison in C is the process of determining whether two strings are equal, or which one is lexicographically greater or smaller. C doesn't have a built-in string data type, so strings are typically arrays of characters. This makes string comparison crucial for tasks like sorting, searching, and validation in C programs.

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String Comparison in C: Methods & Examples

Can we compare strings in C without `strcmp()`?

Yes, strings in C can be compared manually by iterating over each character of both strings. You can use a loop to check if each character is the same. If you find a mismatch or reach the end of a string, you can conclude the comparison, returning values similar to `strcmp()` results.

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String Comparison in C: Methods & Examples

freecodecamp.org › news › strcmp-in-c-how-to-compare-strings-in-c

strcmp in C – How to Compare Strings in C

April 27, 2023 - The strings are equal. Here I converted both strings into lowercase. I used a for loop to change all the characters in the string to lowercase using the function tolower().

scaler.com › home › topics › string comparison in c

String Comparison in C - Scaler Topics

January 11, 2024 - If the function returns 0, then the strings are equal otherwise, strings are not equal. String comparison in C also possible by using pointers. In this approach, we use pointers to traverse the strings and then compare the characters pointed by the pointer. ... In the code example, We’ve declared two char arrays str1 ,str2 and then take input for them.

geeksforgeeks.org › c language › strcmp-in-c

strcmp() in C %%sep%% %%sitename%% - GeeksforGeeks

December 13, 2025 - The strcmp function in C is used to compare two strings, with syntax: int strcmp(const char *str1, const char *str2);, where str1 and str2 are the strings to compare. It returns 0 if the strings are equal, a negative value if str1 is less than ...

reddit.com › r/cpp_questions › simple comparison between std::string and c-string

r/cpp_questions on Reddit: simple comparison between std::string and c-string

August 26, 2023 -

Hello,

I am discussing with a person who believes that

std::string msg = "Hello";

if (msg == "Hello") { // UB?
   ...
}

According to the person, this line "if (msg == "Hello") {" is UB.

Have you seen this "operator==" as UB?

I have checked the C++ specification (from c++11), and it's acceptable. I checked the std::string implementation (GNU GCC 5 and the latest) and operator== calls std::string::compare and then "traits". Passing cstring in operator== is fine too...

Toolchain is ARM for 32bit architecture and std is c++11/14.

His arguments are based on Stackoverflow posts which are more than 10y ago...

Thank you

That person has probably misunderstood a post referring to comparing string literals. In C/C++ doing something like: char string[] = "test"; if (string == "test") { ... } Which isn't technically UB, but it certainly doesn't do what you're probably expecting. C/C++ have no built-in string comparator, what you're comparing here is the pointers, one being the pointer to a stack buffer of character and the other being a pointer to the raw string literal, which will not point to the same thing. What's UB as far as I know is this: const char* string = "test"; if (string == "test") { ... } If I remember correctly the standard doesn't specify that two identical string literals defined in your code can't be placed twice in the binary, so even if this check will pass on basically any compiler, it's still UB std::string does the right thing for you since it implements operator== between it and a null terminated string which does an actual comparison of the characters. Long story short, your friend is wrong.

As long as the c string is null terminated, it's fine.

upgrad.com › home › tutorials › software & tech › string comparison in c

String Comparison in C: Methods & Examples

May 5, 2025 - The strings are equal. ... We use two pointers, `str1` and `str2`, to traverse the strings character by character.

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cplusplus.com › reference › cstring › strcmp

Compares the C string str1 to the C string str2. This function starts comparing the first character of each string. If they are equal to each other, it continues with the following pairs until the characters differ or until a terminating null-character is reached.

techonthenet.com › c_language › standard_library_functions › string_h › strcmp.php

C Language: strcmp function (String Compare)

In the C Programming Language, the strcmp function returns a negative, zero, or positive integer depending on whether the object pointed to by s1 is less than, equal to, or greater than the object pointed to by s2. The syntax for the strcmp function in the C Language is: ... An array to compare. ... An array to compare. The strcmp function returns an integer. The return values are as follows: In the C Language, the required header for the strcmp function is: ... /* Example using strcmp by TechOnTheNet.com */ #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) { /* Cr

quora.com › How-do-I-check-if-two-strings-are-equal-in-C-1

How to check if two strings are equal in C - Quora

Answer (1 of 3): You can check whether two strings are equal or not by using strcmp() function. This is a built-in string function which is present in string.h header file. strcmp() function takes 2 strings as parameters and returns integer value as output based on the comparision. This may be z...

labex.io › questions › how-to-compare-strings-in-c-136079

How to Compare Strings in C | LabEx

July 25, 2024 - Here's an example of how to use strcmp(): #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> int main() { char str1[] = "Hello"; char str2[] = "World"; char str3[] = "Hello"; if (strcmp(str1, str2) < 0) { printf("%s is lexicographically less than %s\n", str1, str2); } else if (strcmp(str1, str2) > 0) { printf("%s is lexicographically greater than %s\n", str1, str2); } else { printf("%s is equal to %s\n", str1, str2); } if (strcmp(str1, str3) == 0) { printf("%s is equal to %s\n", str1, str3); } else { printf("%s is not equal to %s\n", str1, str3); } return 0; } This code will output: Hello is lexicographically less than World Hello is equal to Hello ·

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strcmp in C | String Comparison Function with Examples

February 5, 2025 - It is done character by character, and the · function determines whether the strings are equal or which one is lexicographically greater or smaller. A real-world example of using strcmp() for string validation would be comparing a user's password input against a stored password.

w3schools.com › c › ref_string_strcmp.php

C string strcmp() Function

C Examples C Real-Life Examples ... · Compare two strings to see which is greater: char myStr1[] = "ABCD"; char myStr2[] = "ABCE"; int cmp = strcmp(myStr1, myStr2); if (cmp > 0) { printf("%s is greater than %s\n", myStr1, ...

w3resource.com › c-programming › string › c-strcmp.php

C strcmp() function

Original text: 1234567890 1234567890 Compare the said two strings: First is equal to second. Original text: 12345678901 12345678900 Compare the said two strings: First is greater than second. Original text: 12345678901100345678 12345678901297650033 First is less than second. ... This example demonstrates using strcmp() to check if the user's input matches a predefined password...

docs.vultr.com › clang › standard-library › string-h › strcmp

C string.h strcmp() - Compare Two Strings | Vultr Docs

September 27, 2024 - In C programming, comparing two strings is a common task that can be performed using the strcmp() function from the string.h library. This function is essential for operations like sorting lexicographically or checking string equality, which are foundational in many algorithms and applications ...

reddit.com › r/c_programming › this is a super noob question, but strcmp returns 0 if the strings are equal and "truthy" if they are not equal, like if(-1) is true? is there a different way to compare strings or do i just need to wrap my head around this?

r/C_Programming on Reddit: This is a super noob question, but strcmp returns 0 if the strings are equal and "truthy" if they are not equal, like if(-1) is true? Is there a different way to compare strings or do I just need to wrap my head around this?

October 16, 2023 -

I am an experienced dev, but have no C experience and i'm currently working through reverse engineering one of the flipper zero apps and this really caught me off guard

I'm very sorry if this has been explained before I'm just trying to wrap my head around it

strcmp returns 0 => the strings are equal 1 => the first string is "after" the second when sorted -1 => the first string is "before" the second when sorted It's not really a function to tell you if 2 strings are equal, it's to tell you which "order" the 2 strings are in. It just coincidentally is usable to tell you if 2 strings are equal, because if they are it returns 0 Anything non-zero means the strings aren't equal

It's a comparison function, not an equality function. C#'s String.Compare, Java's String.compareTo, Go's strings.Compare, etc. are equivalent. If you want a simple "streq" or something you can just wrap the strcmp call. bool streq(const char *l, const char *r) { return strcmp(l, r) == 0; }

cplusplus.com › reference › string › string › compare

std::string::compare

Compares the value of the string object (or a substring) to the sequence of characters specified by its arguments. The compared string is the value of the string object or -if the signature used has a pos and a len parameters- the substring that begins at its character in position pos and spans ...

quora.com › How-do-I-compare-two-strings-in-C

How to compare two strings in C - Quora

Answer (1 of 5): The best way is to really learn the language. All of it. Not just the syntax and data types, but the tools which allow you to make full use of the various parts that collectively make it a proper programming language. For this particular question it would behoove you to read thr...

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Compare Strings with strcmp() Function in C - Shiksha Online

December 21, 2023 - In this example, the strcmp function is used to compare a string str with an empty string ” “. If both strings are equal, the string is empty.

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icarus.cs.weber.edu › ~dab › cs1410 › textbook › 8.Strings › strcmp.html

8.2.2.4. strcmp

Equal strings. C++ doesn't have a function specifically designed for testing two C-strings for equality, so programs use the strcmp function. Notice the NOT operator, !, in the second highlighted example.