I don't believe you're going to find any one response to that. You have several traditions [and the Italian/French [Marseille] tradition dates to the 1400s], and any number of approaches are taken to reading. Some combine tarot with astrology, spiritual powers or guides, energies to tarot. Jungians take a psychological approach. Others use a therapeutic approach, and still others use a creative storytelling approach, and this by no means exhausts the possibilities. In the end, dad was not wrong. You can't lean on the book while reading. Now that does not mean that you ignore the book. In my view, you must know the book, but also be able to read without it. It's like a reservoir that you need to have handy, from which to draw as you listen to what people tell you. The best way I can think of putting it is to think of a three-way conversation between the seeker, you and the cards. You must give the cards voice; they themselves don't speak. But WHAT the cards say must be in response to what the seeker says/asks. That can go in a thousand different directions. So the better you know the book[s], the greater the likelihood that the 'cards' [i.e., YOU] will have something cogent to say about the seeker's dilemma. I read the Tarot de Marseille [French deck]. I don't know how to read RWS decks. But for me, the images of my deck are sufficiently abstract that I can line up many of them like scenes in a cartoon comic strip. Lines, colors, geometric shapes, identical or similar structure, images or iconography extends between several cards. For me, these features become very suggestive of meaning. Seen this way, the interaction of cards frames new questions in my mind and prompts me to refine an hypothesis, or to postulate a substitute. Try to cultivate a habit of looking at a spread in a way that assumes a dialogue is taking place between the cards. Situate your mind in the cracks between the cards to hear that dialogue while at the same time bringing the seeker's query/concerns/question/dilemma to bear on the conversation. As you study books, you expand that reservoir on which you draw to find answers. At that point, I find that intuition comes alive and takes on a mind of its own. I've often said that until a question/conundrum/issue is spoken, a deck is shuffled and cards are drawn, the images don't 'mean' anything. That said, I have also found it very helpful to take a dialectical approach to The Tarot. How does The Fool balance both freedom AND the need of grounding? Or balance the fool AND the wise seeker? How does the Magician embody both the illusion of control AND the acceptance of fate? How does the Papesse balance both faith AND skepticism? How does she represent both the sacred AND the profane? There is a world of difference between memorizing a card's 'meanings,' and understanding it. Suppose I see L'Hermite as a wise [likely elderly] person who retreats from the world to seek truth, practice introspection and find answers. GREAT! I get truth, solitude, seeking, austerity. So I 'know' 'meanings' of The Hermit. That's memory work. But what do I understand about it? The Hermit has a lamp. Why? Because it's dark? Because a light shows the way? So The Hermit is a symbol of the darkness of the unknown and the guiding light of knowledge! Does not The Hermite balance both the pursuit of knowledge and the acceptance of uncertainty? At the beginning of the decimal series, The Magician [I] is an illusionist. Now The Hermit [VIIII] sheds illusions to embrace authenticity! As he searches for truth, does not The Hermit reflect both the wisdom of age and the innocence of of a beginner's mind [i.e., The Fool]? To UNDERSTAND a card, to KNOW that personality archetype opens up a world of possibilities. I'll leave it to others who know better than me what is available for the RWS system. Take care!