Logical fallacies are not all based on deductive reasoning. There are informal fallacies of both deductive and inductive reasoning. The former usually involves a hidden premise while the latter is an instance of a weak connection between the premises and conclusion, like a hasty generalization for example. As for the matter of pedantry, it is annoying, especially when they themselves commit the argument from fallacy. However, when in an argument, an fallacious argument is a bad argument. A bad argument is not convincing. More on reddit.com

This needs to be taught in school, but where would it fit in a standard cirriculum? History/ Civics? More on reddit.com

If somebody says "Y is supported by X saying it is", that is NOT a fallacy, provided Y is some form of an expert on the topic. It's not merely true because an expert says so. For example, if it's just the expert's hunch, then Y isn't suddenly supported. For Y to be supported, it is usually has to be based on the evidence that the expert has analyzed. Once again, science is built upon this "fallacy". Ever wondered why almost all experimental evidence that supports our scientific knowledge comes from one place, that being Earth? Why is it fine for 10000 iterations of an experiment to support a hypothesis, what about the next 10000? We have to cherrypick because proof by induction does not apply outside of logical frameworks. This is why nothing in science is ever proven, only supported. Cherry picking is about looking for evidence that supports the conclusion you want, and ignoring counter-evidence that doesn't support it. Or in some cases, using insufficient/incomplete evidence to support the conclusion (e.g. selective sampling). There's another word for this fallacy, its called an analogy. Some people think they are kind of useful sometimes. When you turn your opponent's argument into a strawman, the purpose is to make it weaker so it's easier to rebut. You'd say something like: "So, what you are saying is, that XYZ" where XYZ is actually not what they mean. An analogy is not a strawman. When you give an analogy to your opponent's argument, you usually make it quite clear that you are only making a comparison to something similar, and that you consider them equivalent in some important ways. But you're not pretending that you are merely retelling your opponent's argument. Bandwagon This is called a consensus. The idea here is: everyone does it/says it, therefore it must be the right thing to do/say, or it must be true. Slippery Slope Sometimes called extrapolation. There are indeed justified slippery slopes, but slippery slope fallacies exist as well. These are unjustified extrapolations, that imply that B will causally follow from A and that this B an inevitable effect of A, while there is no justification for this claim. The use of these fallacies is counter productive because they only apply within a framework of formal logic. However, we do not live within such a framework, because that requires perfect information. That is false. Every single one of the fallacies in your post is informal. Formal logical fallacies are things like affirming the consequent and denying the antecedent. They depend on the formal structure of the argument. Bandwagon, slippery slope and other fallacies don't depend on the logical structure, but on the content. In my opinion, these fallacies exist purely to prevent people from making the statement "X is true because...". The thing is that nobody (at least no reasonable person, or Scotsman) is ever making that claim. As in science, or a court of law, people are merely bringing up things which support their claim. They are not looking to prove the claim, since that is impossible, they are merely bringing up any points that support the claim more than refute it. You are right that fallacy names are often thrown around willy-nilly without much thought, and that the opponent should have instead used the principle of charity to look for the most reasonable and strongest interpretation of the other's argument. However, where someone does commit a fallacy, that usually means that their conclusion does not logically follow from the presented premises. It does not necessarily make their conclusion false, but they still owe their opponent to explain why we should accept it. I suggest reading this short book called How to Win Every Argument: The Use and Abuse of Logic by Madsen Pirie (2006). It's very enjoyable and explains in which cases the fallacy actually applies, and what makes it fallacious. For example, here is the explanation for the slippery slope fallacy : The fallacy is that of supposing that a single step in a particular direction must inevitably and irresistibly lead to the whole distance being covered. There are cases in which one step leads to another, and cases where it does not. It is not a fallacy to suppose that after the first stride, further steps might be taken towards unpleasant consequences, but it is usually an error to suppose that they must. More on reddit.com

A logical fallacy is a failed attempt at using logic. Logic is kind of like math in that it has rules. If you said that 2+2=5, you would have made an error. A logical fallacy is similar to this in that you can attempt to put together some facts and use a faulty mechanism for reasoning to lead you to a conclusion that may or may not be the right one.

A very common one is the use of "ad hominem" attacks. An example would be if you and I were having a disagreement about which of two trees was taller and then to win the argument I called you stupid and therefore wrong. Whether you're stupid or not has nothing to do with the height of the trees. It may in fact be the case that you are stupid and made a mistake, but you could just as easily be stupid and get the right answer. In any case, the only thing that matters in this case is which tree is taller. It sounds ridiculous, but if you pay attention, you'll see this kind of thing is very common.

There are many other types of fallacies. Here are some more examples that are better than the one I just provided.

Edit: Tweaked the example based on suggestions from others.

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