W3Schools
w3schools.com โบ tags โบ ref_urlencode.ASP
HTML URL Encoding Reference
Since URLs often contain characters outside the ASCII set, the URL has to be converted into a valid ASCII format. URL encoding replaces unsafe ASCII characters with a "%" followed by two hexadecimal digits.
URL Encode
urlencoder.org
URL Encode and Decode - Online
The characters allowed in a URI are either reserved or unreserved (or a percent character as part of a percent-encoding). Reserved characters are characters that sometimes have special meaning. For example, forward slash characters are used to separate different parts of a URL (or more generally, a URI).
07:47
๐ HTML URL Encoding: The Ultimate Beginner's Guide - YouTube
02:41
URL Encoding in a few minutes - YouTube
17:15
URL Structure and Encoding Explained [Dev Concepts #40] - YouTube
URL Encoding for Beginners (special characters) - Complete ...
09:23
HTML URL Encoding Tutorial | URL Encoding In HTML | HTML Tutorial ...
MDN Web Docs
developer.mozilla.org โบ en-US โบ docs โบ Glossary โบ Percent-encoding
Percent-encoding - Glossary | MDN
Percent-encoding is a mechanism to encode 8-bit characters that have specific meaning in the context of URLs. It is sometimes called URL encoding. The encoding consists of a substitution: A '%' followed by the hexadecimal representation of the ASCII value of the replaced character.
mechanism for encoding information in a Uniform Resource Identifier
Wikipedia
en.wikipedia.org โบ wiki โบ Percent-encoding
Percent-encoding - Wikipedia
May 23, 2026 - Percent-encoding, also known as URL encoding, is a method to encode arbitrary data in a uniform resource identifier (URI) using only the US-ASCII characters legal within a URI. Percent-encoding is used to ensure special characters do not interfere with the URI's structure and interpretation.
Eric Meyer
meyerweb.com โบ eric โบ tools โบ dencoder
URL Decoder/Encoder
The URL Decoder/Encoder is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 License.
ESO
eso.org โบ ~ndelmott โบ url_encode.html
URL-encoding Reference
Below is a reference of ASCII characters in URL-encoding form (hexadecimal format).
Top answer 1 of 5
73
I would always encode in UTF-8. From the Wikipedia page on percent encoding:
The generic URI syntax mandates that new URI schemes that provide for the representation of character data in a URI must, in effect, represent characters from the unreserved set without translation, and should convert all other characters to bytes according to UTF-8, and then percent-encode those values. This requirement was introduced in January 2005 with the publication of RFC 3986. URI schemes introduced before this date are not affected.
It seems like because there were other accepted ways of doing URL encoding in the past, browsers attempt several methods of decoding a URI, but if you're the one doing the encoding you should use UTF-8.
2 of 5
11
IRI (RFC 3987) is the latest standard that replaces the URI/URL (RFC 3986 and older) standards. URI/URL do not natively support Unicode (well, RFC 3986 adds provisions for future URI/URL-based protocols to support it, but does not update past RFCs). The "%uXXXX" scheme is a non-standard extension to allow Unicode in some situations, but is not universally implemented by everyone. IRI, on the other hand, fully supports Unicode, and requires that text be encoded as UTF-8 before then being percent-encoded.
Google
developers.google.com โบ google maps platform โบ url encoding
URL Encoding | Google Maps Platform | Google for Developers
For example, spaces in a string are either encoded with or replaced with the plus sign (+). If you use a pipe character (|) as a separator, be sure to encode the pipe as |. A comma in a string should be encoded as ,. It is recommended you use your platform's normal URL building libraries to automatically encode your URLs, to ensure the URLs are properly escaped for your platform.
freeCodeCamp
freecodecamp.org โบ news โบ url-encoded-characters-reference
HTML URL Encoded Characters Reference
January 27, 2020 - There are only certain characters ... ) # that can have special meanings. Any character that is not an alphabetic character, a number, or a reserved character being used needs to be encoded....
N-central
developer.n-able.com โบ n-central โบ docs โบ url-encoding-of-special-characters
URL encoding of special characters | N-central APIs
August 14, 2025 - The document explains the necessity of encoding special characters in URLs to prevent misinterpretation, particularly when these characters are part of usernames or passwords, and provides examples of how to encode them using forms or JavaScript.
Medium
codewithsuraj.medium.com โบ html5-url-encoding-ensuring-safe-and-efficient-web-communication-1fdb99113bc3
HTML5 URL Encoding: Ensuring Safe and Efficient Web Communication | by Code with Suraj | Medium
November 17, 2023 - It replaces unsafe or reserved characters with a percent sign (%) followed by two hexadecimal digits that represent the characterโs code point in the ASCII character set. URL encoding is essential to handle data transmission in web applications, including query strings, form submissions, ...
Degraeve
degraeve.com โบ reference โบ urlencoding.php
URL Encoded Characters
Ajax Example ASCII Table Current Stamp Price Jedi Robe Pattern Perl Circus Recipes Special Characters URL Encoded Chars
MDN Web Docs
developer.mozilla.org โบ en-US โบ docs โบ Web โบ JavaScript โบ Reference โบ Global_Objects โบ encodeURIComponent
encodeURIComponent() - JavaScript | MDN
October 30, 2025 - The encodeURIComponent() function encodes a URI by replacing each instance of certain characters by one, two, three, or four escape sequences representing the UTF-8 encoding of the character (will only be four escape sequences for characters composed of two surrogate characters).
IETF
datatracker.ietf.org โบ doc โบ html โบ rfc7519
RFC 7519 - JSON Web Token (JWT)
RFC 7519 JSON Web Token (JWT) May 2015 Base64url encoding the JWS Payload yields this encoded JWS Payload (with line breaks for display purposes only): eyJpc3MiOiJqb2UiLA0KICJleHAiOjEzMDA4MTkzODAsDQogImh0dHA6Ly 9leGFtcGxlLmNvbS9pc19yb290Ijp0cnVlfQ Computing the MAC of the encoded JOSE Header and encoded JWS Payload with the HMAC SHA-256 algorithm and base64url encoding the HMAC value in the manner specified in [JWS] yields this encoded JWS Signature: dBjftJeZ4CVP-mB92K27uhbUJU1p1r_wW1gFWFOEjXk Concatenating these encoded parts in this order with period ('.') characters between the parts yields this complete JWT (with line breaks for display purposes only): eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLA0KICJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9 .
Wikipedia
en.wikipedia.org โบ wiki โบ URL
URL - Wikipedia
1 day ago - Web and Internet software automatically ...u00a.xn--3lr804guic/. The xn-- indicates that the character was not originally ASCII. The URL path name can also be specified by the user in the local writing system. If not already encoded, it is converted to UTF-8, and any characters not ...
Webonlinecenter
webonlinecenter.com โบ url-encoding-characters
URL Encoding Characters - Web Online Center
When data is submitted from one page to another page via GET or POST method, it should be encoded. Each character has some unique URL encoding character assigned to it. Browser will encode the URL according to character set used in the page. Default character set in HTML5 is UTF-8.
Tutorial Republic
tutorialrepublic.com โบ html-tutorial โบ html-url-encode.php
What is URL Encoding in HTML - Tutorial Republic
In this tutorial you will learn how to encode URL to safely transmit data over the internet. According to RFC 3986, the characters in a URL only limited to a defined set of reserved and unreserved US-ASCII characters. Any other characters are ...
Android Police
androidpolice.com โบ home โบ applications โบ what is url encoding?
What is URL encoding and how does it work?
October 19, 2023 - This allows the web browser and server to transmit and adequately load the URL, so you don't get a massive headache from web page loading issues. Here are some common encoded symbols you'll come across: ... Exclamation point (!): ! ... Any character that isn't a letter, number, or reserved symbol must be encoded.
Calculator.net
calculator.net โบ home โบ other โบ url encode / decode
URL Encode / Decode
For example, '^' is encoded as '^', and '<' is encoded as '<'. Unicode or other characters that occupy more than one byte are first converted into a sequence of bytes (typically using UTF-8) and then represented by a percent sign (%) followed by two hexadecimal digits for each byte. For example, 'ฮฉ' is encoded as 'ฮฉ', and 'ฮฒ' is encoded as 'ฮฒ'. Because URL encoding uses the percent sign, it is also called percent-encoding.
URL Encode Decode
url-encode-decode.com
URL Encode Decode - URL Percent Encoding and Decoding.
This can make a URI rather long ... stands for encoding certain characters in a URL by replacing them with one or more character triplets that consist of the percent character "%" followed by two hexadecimal digits....