useEffect hook doesn't take a parameter. You have to pass the parameter in the component.

const Component = ({ id }) => {

    useEffect(() => {
        axios
            .get(`http://localhost:4000/getTopic/${id}`)
            .then((post) => {
                console.log('--------post.data', post.data.description);
            })
            .catch((err) => {
                console.log('--------err', err);
            })
    })

    return (
         // your render
          )
}

There are two things that you need to note while using useEffect

Not passing the second argument

In the above case useEffect will clean up the previous effect if the return function was specified and run a new effect on each render of the component

Passing the second argument as empty array

In the above case the effect will be run on initial render and on unmount the effect will be cleared with the return function was specified

Passing the second argument as array of values

In the above case effect will run on initial render and on change of any of the parameters specified within the array. The clean method returned from effect is run before new effect is created