I have yet to find a system where python -mjson.tool doesn't work. So you can do:

python -mjson.tool "$somefile" > /dev/null

The exit code will be nonzero and you get the parse error on stderr if the file is not valid JSON.

Note: The Python libraries don't follow the JSON spec and allow NaN and Infinity as values. So using json.tool will let some errors slip through. Still it's good enough for my use case of catching errors in human-written documents early.

You can use jq and send stdout to null

sudo apt-get install jq
jq . /path/to/yourfile.json 1> /dev/null

Example Execution

Here's some example runs

No Errors

If there are no errors in the json file, then there will be no output and the exit code is 0

user@host:~$ jq . updates/v1/meta.json 1> /dev/null
user@host:~$ echo $?
0
user@host:~$

Errors

If there are errors in the json file, then the output will tell you exactly which line & character, and the exit code will be non-zero

user@host:~$ jq . updates/v1/meta.json 1> /dev/null
parse error: Expected another array element at line 15, column 8
user@host:~$ echo $?
4
user@host:~$ 

Test if values are unique

If I want to do a fast check for if all objects in the array have unique clientId, I would use jq only to print this value and check in the shell.

< file.json jq '.rootLevel[].clientId' | awk '
    seen[$0]++ {print "FAILURE"; f=1; exit}
    END {if (!f) print "SUCCESS"}'

You could also do it with jq combining length, unique, unique_by or other functions, man jq for more.

Print only duplicates

If you want to print all objects having duplicated .clientId, you could do this:

jq '.rootLevel | group_by(.clientId) | map(select(length>1))' file.json

group_by will create separate arrays per clientId, and we select only them with more than one element, that means those having duplicated clientId. Or you could add the length function to count them (another way to test if values are unique):

jq '.rootLevel | group_by(.clientId) | map(select(length>1)) | length' file.json

Test if field exists for all objects

If I want to check that all objects of this json array have a .processId field, I would do this:

jq '.rootLevel[] | .processId?' file.json | grep -m1 null

and test the exit status of grep. That means this:

if jq '.rootLevel[] | .processId?' file.json | grep -qm1 null; then
    echo "FAILURE"
else
    echo "SUCCESS"
fi

Combining the above directions, you can do all that you mention into your question.

If you have a lot of work to do with similar stuff, consider using a "JSON Database" (or "Document Database" or "Nosql Database").

Try jsonlint:

sudo apt install jsonlint

The basic usage syntax is

jsonlint YOUR-FILE.JSON

You find its manual by typing man jsonlint or visiting its online manpage:

An excerpt:

NAME
       jsonlint - A JSON syntax validator and formatter tool

SYNOPSIS
       jsonlint [-v][-s|-S][-f|-F][-ecodec]inputfile.json...

[...]

OPTIONS
       The  return  status  will  be  0 if the file is legal JSON, or non-zero
       otherwise.  Use -v to see the warning details.

       [...]

       -v, --verbose
              Show details of lint checking
       -s, --strict
              Be strict in what is considered legal JSON (the default)
       -S, --nonstrict
              Be loose in what is considered legal JSON
       -f, --format
              Reformat the JSON (if legal) to stdout

[...]

So you can see whether your JSON is valid by checking the return code of jsonlint. You can see it by running echo $? right afterwards (0=OK, 1=invalid), or by evaluating it using &&, || or if.

Without the need for a specific application, if you just want to separate the wheat from the chaff, and have PHP installed on the Linux machine, you can use a simple one-liner for this:

for json in folder/*; do php -r "if ( ! \$foo=json_decode(file_get_contents('$json')) ) echo \"$json\n\";"; done

This would list all broken .json files in the directory named folder. Take out the exlamation mark (!) to only list the .json files which are fine.

It might well be PHP spits out some additional error message here. If that happens, just re-direct error output (STDERR) to the machine's black hole (/dev/null):

for json in folder/*; do php -r "if ( ! \$foo=json_decode(file_get_contents('$json')) ) echo \"$json\n\";" 2>/dev/null; done

TL;DR – a short explanation of what that one-liner does

• for json in folder/*; do […] done: loop over all .json files in the given location. On each iteration, store the file name into a variable named $json.
• php -r: invoke the PHP executable. The -r parameter tells it to (r)un a command instead of expecting a file. The command must directly follow this, separated by white-space.
• "[…]": using double-quotes, we can easier integrate shell variables. The price is we have to escape all $ signs belonging to PHP variables.
• \$foo: see previous point, we need to escape the $ here.
• $foo=json_decode(file_get_contents('$json')): have PHP reading the file (file_get_contents; the $json here is our Bash variable from the first bullet-point), then convert the JSON to a PHP object (json_decode). We don't want to see the result, so we assign it to a variable ($foo in my example).
  If decoding was successful, the assignment will return TRUE, otherwise FALSE – which is why we can use this construction as our "if condition".
• if ( […] ) echo \"$json\n\";": only write the file name (this again is our Bash variable here) to the console if our condition is met – to "separate the wheat from the chaff", as I've put it initially. As usual in PHP, the command needs to be terminated by a semi-colon (;). Also note that I needed to escape the double-quotes here, so our "outer Shell wrapper" doesn't end prematurely. I needed the double-quotes, so \n is interpreted as "new line" – with single-quotes, it would print a literal \n instead.
• 2>/dev/null: Redirect error output (STDERR) to the "black hole" (i.e. don't show any errors if they occur). Our echo commands go to STDOUT, and thus are not affected by this.