I also still use Windows 7 Pro 64-bit. I discovered that the latest version of Code downloaded directly from Microsoft - 1.74.3 at the time I'm writing this - runs fine and all features (like debugging) appear to work IF you use the ZIP download. Every time I start it, it pops up the message "Visual Studio Code on Windows 7 will no longer receive any further updates." But when the next update comes along, I plan to just download the newest zip.

Note that all the projects I had opened in the installed version are still available in the zipped version. So, I won't be upgrading this system to Windows 10.

Installing latest Visual Studio to Windows 7 - Setup exits with no errors or warnings

It is quite abnormal and please try these steps：

1) run cmd as administrator and then type: net stop winmgmt

2) Open a Windows Explorer and locate the path to C:\windows\system32\WBEM\ folder and rename the Repository folder to something else like RepositoryOLD.

3) run cmd as administrator and then run winmgmt /resetRepository.

4) completely deleting the entire VisualStudio folder from the registry --> HKEY_CURRENT_USER/Software/VisualStudio

5) then restart PC and test again.

6) If there are any OS updates or any Windows 7 patches, please install them in case there are some fixes.

Hope it could help you.