You really can't do it with pen and paper. It requires approximating an integral for which there is no anti derivative. Answer from Deleted User on reddit.com
Statology
statology.org › home › percentile to z-score calculator
Percentile to Z-Score Calculator
April 8, 2025 - A: To convert a z-score back to a percentile, you would use the cumulative distribution function of the standard normal distribution. Many statistical software packages and calculators offer this function.
MeasuringU
measuringu.com › calculators › pcalcz
Z-Score to Percentile Calculator – MeasuringU
Enter a z-critical value and get the area under the normal curve (a percentage). Selecting two-sided provides the area above Z and below -Z · 3300 E 1st Ave. Suite 370 Denver, Colorado 80206 United States
Videos
MathBlog
mathblog.com › statistics › definitions › z-score › z-to-percentile-calculator
Z-score to Percentile Calculator
March 7, 2024 - This Z-Score to percentile calculator instantly computes the percentile associated with any given Z-score. Just enter the Z-score value below, and click Calculate. You may also want to check our Percentile to Z-score chart for normal distribution. The table shows the Z-scores corresponding ...
Pindling
pindling.org › Math › Learning › Statistics › z_scores_table.htm
Appendix - z-score percentile for normal distribution
Appendix - z-score percentile for normal distribution
Home and Learn
homeandlearn.co.uk › excel2007 › z-scores.html
z-scores, percentiles and Excel
Flood fill the test down to cell C101. Cell C101 should have a percentile value of 100%, meaning this student was better than everyone else. A percentile figure of 77% means these students were better than 77% of their classmates: Percentiles and their z-scores are the same, regardless of your data.
Reddit
reddit.com › r/askstatistics › how is z-score converted to percentile?
r/AskStatistics on Reddit: How is z-score converted to percentile?
November 14, 2017 -
Everything I find says to reference a converter or a chart, but how is it calculated if I have z-score (standard deviations from mean)?
I'm looking to know how the math works.
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You really can't do it with pen and paper. It requires approximating an integral for which there is no anti derivative.
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If you're talking about how to calculate the tail area corresponding to a z-score -- there's a reason why people use tables or computer programs; the integral of the normal density doesn't have a "closed form". You can write various series for it, and there are numerous very accurate approximations (which are used by computer programs, but they're not very nice for a human to use). If you have some need to calculate it when you have no tables or computer, just a calculator with the usual mathematical functions (like sqrt, exp and log), and perhaps the recall of a few important values (like 1.28, 1.645 and 1.96) you can compute pretty well using numerical integration (even Simpson's rule works quite well). Another approach would use linear interpolation in the logit. One nice aspect of these approaches is the accuracy is best where you need it the most -- near significance levels you're likely to use. 2. If you literally mean a percentile of some normal distribution with mean μ and standard deviation σ, and you want the percentile corresponding to the z-score (which itself is a percentile of a standard normal) then that's μ+σz
Edutized
edutized.com › tutorial › calculate-percentile-from-z-score
How to calculate percentile from z score – Edutized
To calculate the percentile from z score, we look at the value directly from the standard normal table and multiply the value by 100. For example, consider a z score of -1.67.
Albert.io
albert.io › home › z-score calculations & percentiles in a normal distribution: ap® statistics
Z-score Calculations & Percentiles in a Normal Distribution
March 1, 2022 - Use this AP® Statistics review to be sure you understand everything you need to beat z-score questions on the exam. We will tell you all of the concepts related to z-scores, show you how to perform z-score calculations using sample questions, and explain percentiles in a normal distribution.
Calculator Online
calculator-online.net › z-score-to-percentile
Z Score to Percentile Calculator
Now check the normality table to find the percentile relative to the z score value: Then Z score =1.2 = 0.8849 Z score to percentile formula
Khan Academy
khanacademy.org › math › ap-statistics › density-curves-normal-distribution-ap › normal-distributions-calculations › v › finding-z-score-for-a-percentile
Finding z-score for a percentile (video)
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MathCracker
mathcracker.com › z-score-percentile-calculator
Z-Score to Percentile Calculator - MathCracker.com
February 23, 2019 - Also, a z-score represents a specific location in the distribution, so that there is a certain area that is to the left of that z-score. And that's exactly how we define the percentile associated to a z-score: it is the area (in percentage terms) that is to the left of that z-score.
Z Score Table
z-table.com › z-scores-to-percentiles-chart.html
Z Scores to Percentiles Chart - Z SCORE TABLE
For instance, the 84th percentile corresponds to a Z Score of 1, meaning that 84% of the data points in a dataset fall below the value with a Z Score of approximately 1. The Percentiles to Z Score Chart typically includes two columns: Percentile and Z Score. By using this chart, you can quickly determine the Z Score associated with a given percentile and vice versa.
GeeksforGeeks
geeksforgeeks.org › r language › how-to-convert-between-z-scores-and-percentiles-in-r
How to Convert Between Z-Scores and Percentiles in R - GeeksforGeeks
July 23, 2025 - Then, we use the pnorm() function, which calculates the cumulative probability up to that Z-score under the standard normal distribution. By multiplying the result by 100, we convert this probability into a percentile.
University of North Dakota
cs.uni.edu › ~campbell › stat › relstat.html
percentiles and z-scores
Originally, SAT tests had a mean ... for thosae tests). Hence one could compare 680 on the SAT with 25 on the ACT. The respective z-scores are (680-500)/100 = 1.8 and (25-18)/6 = 1.17. Therefore 680 on the SAT is a better score than 25 on the ACT (assuming equal quality among ...