Hydrogen ions are called protons. Hydrogen is the first element in the periodic table of elements. The hydrogen nucleus is made up of a positively charged particle, called a proton. The hydrogen atom also contains an accompanying negatively charged electron. Once an electron is removed, only the H⁺ proton remains.

Let's say you have to calculate the number of H⁺ ions in 100 mL of a solution with a pH of 6. To do this:

1. Find the [H⁺] ions concentration:

   [H⁺] = 10^-pH = 10^-6.0 = 1.0×10^-6 mol/L

2. Write the equation to find moles:

   moles = molarity (mol/L) × volume (L)

3. Convert mL to L: 100 mL/1000 = 0.1 L.

4. Calculate the moles of H⁺:

   moles = 1.0×10^-6 mol/L × 0.1 L = 1.0×10^-7 mol

Yes, acids have a higher H⁺ ion concentration than pure water. The stronger the acid, the higher the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution and, therefore, the lower the pH value.