human disease

Molecular structure of the thyroxine molecule
Hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism
Photograph of a Labrador Retriever dog with sagging facial skin characteristic of hypothyroidism
signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism is an endocrine disease in which the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones. It can cause a number of symptoms, such as poor ability to tolerate cold, extreme fatigue, … Wikipedia
Factsheet
Hypothyroidism Molecular structure of thyroxine, which is deficient in hypothyroidism
Specialty Endocrinology
Factsheet
Hypothyroidism Molecular structure of thyroxine, which is deficient in hypothyroidism
Specialty Endocrinology
🌐
NHS
nhs.uk › conditions › overactive-thyroid-hyperthyroidism › treatment
Overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism) - Treatment - NHS
... Medicines called thionamides are commonly used to treat an overactive thyroid. They stop your thyroid producing excess hormones. The main types used are carbimazole and propylthiouracil. You'll usually need to take the medicine for ...
🌐
NHS
nhs.uk › conditions › underactive-thyroid-hypothyroidism
Underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism) - NHS
Find out about an underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism), including the symptoms, treatments, possible complications and where to find support.
Discussions

A list of levothyroxine that works the best for me. What works best for you?
Generic levothyroxine and Synthroid are required by FDA ruels to be interchangable, when it was first introduced there were some issues but they were resolved, that was in the 70's. With modern analytical equipment it's highly unlikely that Aynthroid and Levothyroxine are meaningfully differnet. Neither are made in the USA, virtually none of the small molecule pharmacuetical are made in teh USA anymore, that's been the case for 20 years. Armour is a mix of T3 and T4 derived from a natural source (porcine thryoid gland) so that's just straight different. Eurthyrox is marketed by Provell Pharmaceuticals, which is based outside of Philadelphia, but probably has is made in India or China as pretty much all generic drugs are made these days. It's also bioequivalent to Synthroid. It cna be purchased from Mark Cuban's Cost Plus Drugs . Some doctors will swear that there is a differnece, but I've found doctors aren't good at drugs, that's why pharmcists exist, because Doctors are absolute shit at the prescription game. More on reddit.com
🌐 r/Hypothyroidism
85
25
August 14, 2024
Side effects of thyroid medication?

My main "side-effect" is I feel SO.MUCH.BETTER. I'm not falling asleep all the time (as a night owl that had mild bouts of insomnia doing this after my son was bored was crazy), I'm back to only needing about 6 hours of sleep to feel like a decent person. I was sleeping 10+ hours a day, oversleeping, and waking up tired when that was not me. It took me YEARS to get diagnosed but it was through a PCOS specialist. Typically those two conditions like to pair up with each other. It isn't as difficult to lose weight anymore and I'm no longer gaining a ridiculous amount AND my periods are relatively normal.

More on reddit.com
🌐 r/thyroidhealth
5
5
August 12, 2017
Does anyone here know much about Hyperthyroidism?

Firstly, you have my sympathies, you really seem to have had an awful time with this! The severity of my problem totally pales in comparison but I'd like to tell you about my experience and hope I can help you firstly manage, then overcome your thyroid problem.

Many of my family on my Mum's side suffer from thyroid problems and I have suffered from hyperthyroidism for the past couple of years. I'll tell you my personal story below but I'm going to list the most relevant advice here before the TL:DR crowd quit reading my probably enormous post.

Thyroid problems are very complicated and are affected by a huge number of factors but the thing your doctor will not tell you (or at least none of my family's doctors have ever told them) is that by controlling your diet and removing as many stimulants as possible you can reduce the severity of your symptoms, sometime minimally, sometimes dramatically.

What I mean by removing stimulants is that you should do your sincere and very best to cut out all smoking, alcohol, caffeine, drugs, sugar and salt/iodine from your diet, for a month to begin with at least. Your thyroid manages the way your body uses energy, and all of these stimulants when consumed shock your system with a sudden injection of something which can cause your thyroid to overproduce or under produce hormone and generally put your system out of whack. The effect of salt is a little different but if you imagine your thyroid as a machine who's job it is to process the energy portion of your food, salt is the fuel that runs the machine so an excess of salt can still shock the machine.

Even if you want to stop reading here and disregard everything I'm saying because you'd prefer a drug based solution or because you think it'll be too hard to cut all that stuff out, just think has anyone ever made their health worse by cutting all this stuff out of their diet? You've really got nothing to lose and if you're 20k in debt already this advice as a treatment is basically free (you may have to start buying better dinners than frozen pizzas [full of salt] but other than that there's really no cost to it).

On top of that you do not necessarily have to cut all of this stuff out of your diet forever but if you cut it out completely for a few weeks and slowly reintroduce each type of a stimulant you can identify the ones that effect your health most severely and make a special effort to avoid them in particular.

I use what I call the 'poop test' when measuring the severity of the effect of a stimulant. That is, when I consume something alcoholic/sugary if I get the sudden urge to poop at any stage over the next half hour then I probably should avoid it in the future. What I found is that I can handle sugar in moderation and can still drink beer (but I've slowed my pace and don't drink more than two days a week) but when I have a cigarette or drink caffeine I'll feel an uncomfortable need to poop almost instantly (caffeine especially). I'm also finding over time that taking a stimulant with food, e.g. having a bowl of ice cream after a full homemade meal, can cancel out most of the negative effect. Also when I have a Coke from the cinema or McDonalds it doesn't seem to effect me at all when compared to Coke from a can or a bottle, possibly because it's made from concentrate.

My point is that you may not have to give up all of this stuff absolutely and for ever, but if you learn what effects you most severely you can get 90% of the benefit of a total stimulant free diet by just cutting out a few key things. Also going for a month without any of this stuff shows you just how easy it is to go without them when you wan to. I'm Irish and my social life revolves around drinking in the pub with other Irish people, but I've learned that I really don't need to drink alcohol to have a good time, and when I do drink now I only have to drink at half the pace as my friends to get just as drunk and the thyroid portion of my hangover is greatly reduced.

But if you're going to do a detox like this, just do it. Do not take shortcuts, do not control your diet all day and then eat half a tub of ice-cream in the evening as a reward for doing so well. You will inevitable lose a shit load of weight very quickly so try and increase your food intake but don't compromise on the no-stimulants rule. I lost about about 8 kilos (.10% of my normal weight) the second month I did it, but at the same time I felt clearer and fitter than I had before so it never got to a stage where I was worried.

Last off the three links below provide great diet tips so take a look for more details advice than I can give you.

http://www.gravesdiseasecure.com/hyperthyroidism_diet.html - Good advice on diet but I've also listed a few 'trap' foods below that you might not think of: White bread and pasta and both full of salt and sugar. Always go whole meal when you have the option. Fruit is good for you but is also very sugary so choose veg over fruit when you have the option. Also you appear to be from North America so watch out for bullshit labels on drinks like 'fruit cocktail', especially that Minute Maid shit, and juicing fresh fruit also lets puts the sugar in your system faster than just eating it as fruit. Avoid anything with caffeine and diet drinks containing aspertain.

Basically, learn to live on water until you get to the stage where you can try out different drinks and assess their effects on your system. This was the hardest thing for my as I loved drinking a can of Coke with my lunch every day. Now my drink of choice is tomato juice with pepper and a bit of Tobasco. Try it if you get a chance.

http://www.k-clements.fsnet.co.uk/thyroid.html - I have not tried any of the 'medicinal herbs' listed here and cannot attest to their effectiveness.

http://www.vitawise.com/hyperthyroid.htm - pay attention to the recommended foods on this site. Kale in particular is a great substitute for pasta that doesn't carry the same negative effects.

Also just a quick note on the medical side. The type of doctor you should be looking to see for diagnosis is an endocrinologist or hormone doctor. This type of doctor is the only type who can properly assess what type of problem you have with your thyroid and recommend the best treatment. The most common type of thyroid problem is Graves disease or a variant of Graves disease which is an autoimmune disease that basically means your thyroid does not 'know' how to function properly, and you ability to handle different stimulants can change month to month depending on your thyroid's 'mood'. If you have Graves disease it will take you much longer to figure out what stimulants effect you most at any specific time.

After that the next most common cause of a problem is a growth, and a growth can either be a cyst (which is removable but whatever caused the cyst can cause others) a nodule/goiter (which is what I have and is easily treatable) or cancer (which is the least likely outcome, especially if you're young) and it's treatability depends on all the shit that normally effects how treatable a cancer is. I'll reitterate though that no doctor has ever given good advice on diet to any of my family, they just seem to ignore it as a factor in treatment, but I can swear to you that after a week on the diet I recommend you will see the positive results are a clear as day and as I said, noone has ever made themselves sick by cutting sugar, caffine, cigarettes and alcahol out of their diet so you've nothing to lose.

Finally the worst case scenario for thyroid treatment is having your thyroid removed. If your thyroid has to be removed you will have to take thyroid hormones in pill form daily for the rest of your life, but the hormones you take in drug form are identical to the ones produced by your body and you can live a totally healthy normal life without a thyroid, provided you take your pills and presumably take care of your diet.

More on reddit.com
🌐 r/AskReddit
9
1
December 9, 2010
YSK that the symptoms of hyperthyroidism are identical to symptoms of anxiety disorders. If you've been diagnosed with "anxiety", get your thyroid checked too.

This goes for hypothyriodism (I think that should be the word) too. Those symptoms are more similar to depression though, but also include the bowel problems. Others symptoms are unexplained weight gain, and if the condition is there somewhere in childhood, it can cause a child to grow slower (faster in case of hyperthyroidism), that also goes for whatever is supposed to grow during puberty. The others include lack of energy, both mental and physical, increased food cravings and being cold, among other things.

More on reddit.com
🌐 r/YouShouldKnow
21
145
May 18, 2018
🌐
Johns Hopkins Lupus Center
hopkinslupus.org › home › lupus treatment › common medications for other conditions in people with lupus › thyroid medications
Thyroid Medications : Johns Hopkins Lupus Center
March 27, 2019 - Your doctor may also prescribe a medication called a beta blocker (a drug usually given for high blood pressure) to block the action of thyroid hormone in your body. While beta blockers will not change the levels of thyroid hormone in your blood, they will make you feel better by reducing some of the symptoms of hyperthyroidism...
🌐
Drugs.com
drugs.com › home › treatments › thyroid disease › hyperthyroidism
List of 10 Hyperthyroidism Medications Compared
Compare risks and benefits of common medications used for Hyperthyroidism. Find the most popular drugs, view ratings and user reviews.
🌐
SWBH
swbh.nhs.uk › wp-content › uploads › 2012 › 07 › Anti-thyroid-drugs-ML5742.pdf pdf
Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust Anti-thyroid drugs
effects can be found in the manufacturer’s leaflet that comes with the medicine. A risk of taking propylthiouracil is that it can cause liver problems, although this is rare. If you · develop any of the following symptoms while taking propylthiouracil, stop taking it and see a ... A full list of possible side effects can be found in the manufacturer’s leaflet that comes with the ... Another treatment for hyperthyroidism is ‘block and replace therapy’. This involves taking · a high dose of the anti-thyroid drug carbimazole and the medication thyroxine which is a
🌐
Restart Med
restartmed.com › thyroid-medication-names
Thyroid Medication Names: List of T4, T3, & T4 + T3 Medications
4 days ago - See the complete list of all thyroid medications by name in this list. This list includes all T3, T4, NDT, and compounded thyroid medicines.
🌐
NCBI
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › books › NBK499541
Overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism): Learn More – What are the treatment options for an overactive thyroid? - InformedHealth.org - NCBI Bookshelf
May 28, 2024 - It can be treated with medication, surgery or radioactive iodine. The most suitable treatment option will mainly depend on the cause of the disease. If the thyroid gland makes too many hormones and releases them into the bloodstream, many different functions in the body may be affected. This can lead to symptoms such as weight loss, nervous restlessness and a rapid heartbeat. An overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism) can have various underlying causes.
Find elsewhere
🌐
Verywell Health
verywellhealth.com › thyroid-disease-medications-3231845
Medications That May Be Used to Treat Your Thyroid Disease
April 21, 2023 - There are currently two approved for treating hyperthyroidism in the United States. ... The anti-thyroid drug methimazole inhibits the thyroid from using iodine—usually from the diet—to produce thyroid hormone. You generally take this medication ...
🌐
CUH
cuh.nhs.uk › patient-information › hyperthyroidism-due-to-graves-disease
Hyperthyroidism due to Graves’ disease | CUH
Usually the initial treatment is anti-thyroid drugs to lower thyroid hormone levels to normal. The need for other treatment such as radioiodine or surgery will be discussed during consultations with your doctor. In the UK, the most commonly used anti-thyroid medication is carbimazole.
🌐
British Thyroid Foundation
btf-thyroid.org › antithyroid-drug-therapy-to-treat-hyperthyroidismleaflet
Antithyroid drug therapy to treat hyperthyroidism
Read about the different antithyroid drugs offered to people with hyperthyroidism and possible side effects
🌐
Drugs.com
drugs.com › home › treatments › thyroid disease › underactive thyroid
List of 25 Underactive Thyroid (Hypothyroidism) Medications Compared
Compare risks and benefits of common medications used for Underactive Thyroid. Find the most popular drugs, view ratings and user reviews.
🌐
Medscape
emedicine.medscape.com › tools & reference › endocrinology
Hyperthyroidism and Thyrotoxicosis Medication: Antithyroid Agents, Beta Blockers, Nonselective, Beta Blockers, Beta1-Selective
May 15, 2024 - Remissions with antithyroid medications are not expected. ... Antithyroid agents inhibit the synthesis of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). ... With few exceptions, methimazole should be used in every patient who needs antithyroid drug therapy for hyperthyroidism. The exceptions are women in the first trimester of pregnancy, patients in thyroid storm, and patients with methimazole allergy or intolerance.
🌐
GoodRx
goodrx.com › goodrx health › conditions › hypothyroidism › hypothyroidism medications - prices for brand and generic hypothyroidism drugs
Hypothyroidism Medications - Prices for Brand and Generic Hypothyroidism Drugs - GoodRx
Euthyrox is covered by a majority of Medicare and Insurance plans but some pharmacy coupons or cash prices may be lower. ... Levothyroxine (Euthyrox, Synthroid, Levo-T, Unithroid, Levoxyl) is an inexpensive drug used to treat hypothyroidism. ...
🌐
Medscape
emedicine.medscape.com › tools & reference › endocrinology
Hypothyroidism Medication: Thyroid Products
Guidelines for the treatment of hypothyroidism: prepared by the american thyroid association task force on thyroid hormone replacement. Thyroid. 2014 Dec. 24 (12):1670-751. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].[Full Text]. Melville NA. New ATA guidelines stick with levothyroxine for hypothyroidism. Medscape Medical News from WebMD.
🌐
Mayo Clinic
mayoclinic.org › diseases-conditions › hyperthyroidism › diagnosis-treatment › drc-20373665
Hyperthyroidism - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic
November 30, 2022 - Understand what happens when your thyroid is overactive and learn about treatment for this condition.
🌐
NYU Langone Health
nyulangone.org › conditions › hyperthyroidism › treatments › medications-for-hyperthyroidism
Medications for Hyperthyroidism | NYU Langone Health
Treatment is only needed until the condition resolves on its own. Additional treatment for people with hyperthyroidism due to thyroiditis might include anti-inflammatory medications, such as prednisone or ibuprofen.
🌐
Drugs.com
drugs.com › home › drug classes › hormones › thyroid drugs
List of Common Thyroid Drugs + Uses, Types & Side Effects - Drugs.com
April 2, 2025 - Natural preparations include desiccated thyroid and thyroglobulin. The most common medication used for supplementation is synthetic thyroxine, also called levothyroxine. This is identical to the T4 hormone.
🌐
Osmosis
osmosis.org › learn › Hyperthyroidism_medications
Hyperthyroidism medications: Video, Causes, & Meaning | Osmosis
This stops the oxidation of iodide ... DIT to form T3 and T4. It’s important to note that these medications do not inhibit the release of thyroid hormones; therefore they require several weeks until the thyroid depletes its storage of hormones to manifest their therapeutic effect. In addition, PTU also works in the peripheral tissue by inhibiting 5’- deiodinase to block the conversion of T4 into T3, which makes it the preferred medication during thyroid storms. Hyperthyroidism refers to ...