(Edit: I assumed you wanted to download the URL, not simply encode it. My mistake. I'll leave this answer as a reference for others, but see the other answer for encoding a URL.)

If you pass a dictionary into fields, urllib3 will take care of encoding it for you. First, you'll need to instantiate a pool for your connections. Here's a full example:

import urllib3
http = urllib3.PoolManager()

r = http.request('POST', 'https://scholar.google.com/scholar', fields={"q":"rudra banerjee"})
print(r.data)

Calling .request(...) will take care of figuring out the encoding for you based on the method.

Getting started examples are here: https://urllib3.readthedocs.org/en/latest/index.html#usage

Python 3

Use urllib.parse.urlencode:

Copy>>> import urllib.parse
>>> f = { 'eventName' : 'myEvent', 'eventDescription' : 'cool event'}
>>> urllib.parse.urlencode(f)
eventName=myEvent&eventDescription=cool+event

Note that this does not do url encoding in the commonly used sense (look at the output). For that use urllib.parse.quote_plus.

Python 2

You need to pass your parameters into urllib.urlencode() as either a mapping (dict), or a sequence of 2-tuples, like:

Copy>>> import urllib
>>> f = { 'eventName' : 'myEvent', 'eventDescription' : 'cool event'}
>>> urllib.urlencode(f)
'eventName=myEvent&eventDescription=cool+event'

For Python 3 you could try using quote instead of quote_plus:

import urllib.parse

print(urllib.parse.quote("http://www.sample.com/", safe=""))

Result:

http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sample.com%2F

Or:

from requests.utils import requote_uri
requote_uri("http://www.sample.com/?id=123 abc")

Result:

'https://www.sample.com/?id=123%20abc'